society
CELEBRATING 161 YEARS OF THE NIGERIAN ARMY: A LEGACY OF BRAVERY, SERVICE, AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Published
9 months agoon

CELEBRATING 161 YEARS OF THE NIGERIAN ARMY: A LEGACY OF BRAVERY, SERVICE, AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
By
Brigadier General Sani Kukasheka Usman (rtd) mni fnipr
As the Nigerian Army prepares to commemorate its 161st anniversary on July 6, 2024, in Jos, Plateau State, with the theme “Transforming the Nigerian Army: Imperative for Combating Contemporary Security Challenges within a Joint Environment”, it is important to spare a moment to reflect on this symbol of national power and its profound contributions to our national development, peace and security and above all the enduring legacy of one of the greatest armies in the world for over a century and a half. Therefore, this year’s Nigerian Army Day Celebration (NADCEL) 2024 is not just an attestation of the Army’s rich history, but also a recognition of its role in the nation’s security, development, and peace.
The Nigerian Army, established in 1863 with a strength of 18 men, known as the “Glover Hausas”, has grown from a modest force to a formidable institution known for its professionalism, resilience, dedication and immense contribution to national development, peace and security in our country, West Africa and beyond. Over the years, the Nigerian Army has demonstrated exceptional bravery and commitment in various national and international engagements. From peacekeeping missions in conflict-ridden regions across the world to defending the sovereignty of Nigeria during the civil war and against insurgencies and other security threats, the Nigerian Army has consistently showcased its capability and resolve as a professional army.
Beyond its military engagements in peacekeeping and peace enforcement especially in some West African states, the Nigerian Army has significantly contributed to national development. Through various civil-military cooperation initiatives, the army has been playing an important role in infrastructure development, disaster response, and community services. Projects such as the construction of roads, schools, and medical facilities in underserved areas through initiatives such as the Chief of Army Staff’s Special Projects, medical outreaches and Quick Impact Projects for host communities, highlight the army’s dedication to the defence of Nigeria’s territorial integrity and improving the quality of life for Nigerians.
In the face of internal security challenges, including insurgencies, banditry, and communal conflicts, the Nigerian Army has remained a bulwark of peace and security in Nigeria. The ongoing counterinsurgency operations against Boko Haram in the Northeast, efforts to curb kidnappings and banditry in the Northwest, and other Internal Security Operations (ISOs) in aid of civil authorities in various parts of the country pointed to the Nigerian Army’s critical role in maintaining peace and security in Nigeria.
Interestingly, the army’s counter-terrorism and counter-insurgency strategies have evolved over the years, adapting to the changing dynamics of the security challenges. This adaptability, combined with rigorous training and advanced military technologies, ensures that the Nigerian Army remains a formidable force capable of addressing contemporary security threats in the country in conjunction with other services and security agencies, hence the vision of a joint environment.
In recent years, the Nigerian Army has also made significant strides towards gender mainstreaming. The establishment of a Women’s Corps shows the service’s commitment to gender inclusivity and equality. Women in the Nigerian Army have increasingly taken on roles that were traditionally dominated by men, participating in combat, leadership, and technical positions. This inclusion not only enhances the operational effectiveness of the army but also promotes gender equality within the service.
The Nigerian Army’s modernization efforts include the establishment of an aviation corps, a giant stride in enhancing its operational capabilities. The recent acquisition of helicopters has significantly bolstered the army’s ability to conduct aerial surveillance, rapid troop deployment, and logistics support. This advancement in aviation technology will undoubtedly ensure that the Nigerian Army remains at the forefront of modern military operations, capable of addressing diverse security challenges with greater efficiency in the future.
Therefore, it is particularly gratifying that this year’s celebration is being held in Jos, Plateau State, the headquarters of the 3 Armoured Division and Operation SAFE HAVEN, known as the home of tourism in Nigeria. Jos, with its scenic landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and pleasant climate, provides a fitting backdrop for this momentous occasion. The choice of Jos not only highlights the city’s significance but also promotes its potential as a tourist destination, contributing to the state’s economic growth, and enhancing peace and security on the Plateau.
As we commemorate 161 years of the Nigerian Army, it is imperative we also honour the sacrifices of the brave officers and soldiers of the Nigerian Army who have served and continue to serve the nation with distinction. Their unwavering commitment to duty, courage in the face of adversity, discomfort and dedication to national development are the hallmarks of the Nigerian Army’s enduring legacy. Yet, despite the countless sacrifices made by these citizens in uniform, the level of understanding and appreciation from our fellow Nigerians has sometimes fallen woefully short. It is our solemn duty to rectify this, stand in solidarity with the noble protectors of our sovereign lands, and honour their commitment to preserving our cherished way of life.
The history of the Nigerian Army is a story of evolution and growth. From its origins as a small colonial force, it has transformed into a modern and highly professional institution. The journey of the Nigerian Army over the past 161 years is marked by significant milestones, including its role in the independence struggle, contributions to United Nations peacekeeping missions, and active participation in various regional and international military coalitions.
In recent years, the Nigerian Army has made strides in modernizing its equipment, adopting advanced technologies, and improving the training and welfare of its personnel. These efforts have not only enhanced the operational capabilities of the army but also boosted its morale and readiness to tackle contemporary security challenges.
The Nigerian Army’s contributions to global peace and security extend beyond the nation’s borders. Nigeria is one of the largest troop-contributing countries to United Nations peacekeeping missions, having participated in operations in Lebanon, Congo, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Sudan, South Sudan, The Gambia, Guinea and many other countries. Nigerian peacekeepers are renowned for their professionalism, bravery, and dedication to restoring peace and stability in conflict zones.
These international engagements have not only enhanced Nigeria’s reputation on the global stage but also provided valuable experience and exposure to Nigerian soldiers, further strengthening the army’s capabilities.
The Nigerian Army’s role in community outreach and humanitarian efforts cannot be overstated. In times of natural disasters, such as floods and epidemics, the army has been at the forefront of relief and rescue operations, providing critical support and assistance to affected communities. The Army’s Medical Corps has also been instrumental in delivering healthcare services to remote and underserved areas, often bridging the gap in public health infrastructure.
The army’s involvement in educational initiatives, including the establishment of schools and scholarship programmes for children of fallen soldiers, shows its commitment to the welfare of its personnel and their families. These initiatives foster a sense of community and support, ensuring that the sacrifices of soldiers and their families are recognized and honoured.
In an era of rapidly evolving security threats, the Nigerian Army has embraced technological advancements to enhance its operational effectiveness. The adoption of drones, advanced communication systems, and modern weaponry has revolutionized the army’s approach to modern warfare. These technologies provide critical intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance capabilities, enabling more precise and effective operations.
Furthermore, the Nigerian Army’s investment in cyber warfare capabilities and counter-terrorism strategies reflects its proactive stance in addressing new and emerging threats. Training programmes and international collaborations have been pivotal in equipping Nigerian Army officers and soldiers with the skills and knowledge necessary to navigate the complexities of modern conflict.
As we celebrate 161 years of the Nigerian Army, it is also a time to look ahead and envision the future of this esteemed institution. The Nigerian Army remains committed to its mission of defending the nation’s sovereignty, ensuring internal security, and contributing to global peace and stability.
Ongoing reforms, capacity-building initiatives, and strategic partnerships with other security agencies and international allies will continue to strengthen the army’s capabilities. The focus on enhancing the welfare and professional development of its personnel will ensure that the Nigerian Army remains a highly motivated and effective force.
Therefore, the Nigerian Army Day Celebration 2024 under the able leadership of the Chief of Army Staff, Lieutenant General TA Lagbaja, is more than a commemoration of the past; it is a celebration of the present and a commitment to the future. In Jos, Plateau State, amidst the beautiful landscapes and rich cultural heritage, we honour the Nigerian Army’s legacy of bravery, service, and national development. We celebrate the men and women who have dedicated their lives to protecting the nation and promoting peace.
Consequently, as the Nigerian Army marks this significant milestone, let us recognize and appreciate its profound contribution and impact on Nigeria’s journey towards peace, security, and development. The Nigerian Army’s legacy is a testament to the enduring spirit of patriotism, resilience and dedication that continues to inspire the nation. I beseech fellow Nigerians, to open your hearts and minds to the profound significance of our Army’s enduring legacy.
Let us not merely observe this milestone of the Nigerian Army but embrace it with the reverence and gratitude it so rightfully deserves. In doing so, we not only pay homage to the past, but we also invest in the future – a future of unity, security, and unshakable national pride. Let this be a clarion call, echoing through the very fabric of our society, imploring all Nigerians to celebrate our Army now and always, for their unwavering service is the bedrock upon which our nation’s stability and progress are built. I join millions of well-meaning Nigerians home and abroad, in celebrating our armed forces and wishing officers of the Nigerian Army a happy NADCEL 2024.
The writer, Brigadier General Sani Kukasheka Usman (rtd) mni fnipr, is a former Director of Army Public Relations and Spokesman of the Nigerian Army, public commentator and security expert.
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Sahara weekly online is published by First Sahara weekly international. contact saharaweekly@yahoo.com

society
From Dumbbells to DMs: Nigerian Gyms Evolve into Social Hotspots
Published
30 minutes agoon
April 6, 2025
The Gym Love Triangle: Fitness, Fashion, and Flirtation in Lagos
In the age of fitness influencers, athleisure fashion, and Instagram-worthy workouts, Nigeria’s gym culture is booming. But beneath the sculpted abs and protein shakes lies a more complicated narrative: the gym as a new social playground—and sometimes, a romantic battleground.
From Ikeja to Festac and down to the bustling gyms in Ajah, what was once a space solely for sweat and stamina has evolved into something of a social experiment.
“People are using gyms to hook up,” says Folarin Adekoya, a regular gym-goer in Ikeja. “Some women come in wearing provocative outfits, and it’s not just distracting—it raises questions about their intentions.”
While the body goals are still a priority for many, others are raising eyebrows—and smartphones—as selfies, flirtation, and full-blown relationships begin to rival reps and routines.
“I Came to Lift, Not to Love”
Jason Onwuka, who trains regularly in Festac, says he’s seen it all.
“You have people who are here more for the vibe than the workouts. They spend more time talking and laughing than lifting weights,” he told the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN).
He admits, however, that as society grows more individualistic, gyms have emerged as safe, neutral grounds for forming new connections.
“People are lonely. The gym is now a space to find friends, romance, and a sense of belonging,” he said. “But at the end of the day, it’s on you to stay focused.”
“Indecent Dressing Could Get Girls Banned” – Teddy A Warns
The debate recently went viral when Teddy A, a former Big Brother Naija star, posted a video lamenting what he called “indecent dressing at the gym.”
“We don’t want them to start banning girls from gyms because of indecent dressing,” he said in a video that triggered a flurry of reactions online.
While some praised his candour, others blasted his remarks as misogynistic and controlling, igniting fresh debates over dress codes, freedom of expression, and the sexual politics of the gym floor.
Fitness Centre Managers Respond
A gym manager in Ajah, who requested anonymity, told NAN that they’ve had to lay down the law to maintain order and respect.
“We’ve introduced dress guidelines and behaviour protocols. Still, people come to mingle, and as long as no one’s workout is disrupted, we don’t interfere,” he said.
He admitted that while some gym-goers blur the lines, many—especially professional women—come solely for fitness.
“They wear functional gear. Not everyone’s here for attention,” he added.
A Culture in Transition
As Nigeria’s middle class expands and wellness trends grow, gyms are no longer just places to burn calories—they’re becoming microcosms of urban life, where health, identity, and social dynamics all intersect.
But the question remains: Are gyms still sacred spaces for self-improvement—or just another scene for subtle seduction?
For now, the battle between body goals and “boo goals” continues to play out between the dumbbells and the dance bikes, one rep—and one DM—at a time.
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society
Why Businesses Fail in South Africa. By Ekos Akpokabayen
Published
23 hours agoon
April 5, 2025
Why Businesses Fail in South Africa.
By Ekos Akpokabayen
South Africa, like many emerging markets, experiences a high rate of business failure, particularly among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Statistics from the Small Enterprise Development Agency (SEDA) and the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor consistently reveal that over 70% of small businesses fail within the first two years of operation. This trend is concerning given that SMEs are vital contributors to economic growth, job creation, and innovation.
As a finance professional and Chief Investment Officer at Ovid Capita, I have closely observed the structural and operational challenges facing businesses in South Africa. Drawing from both analytical frameworks and on-the-ground experience, I will explore the critical reasons businesses fail and offer pragmatic advice to entrepreneurs aspiring to build resilient and sustainable enterprises.
1. Lack of Market Understanding and Strategic Positioning
One of the foundational causes of business failure is inadequate market research and poor strategic positioning. Too often, entrepreneurs are guided by passion, anecdotal evidence, or fleeting market trends rather than grounded, data-driven insights. While enthusiasm is essential, it must be paired with a thorough understanding of customer needs, behavioral patterns, and competitive dynamics.
A robust market analysis should answer essential questions: Who are our customers? What do they value? Who else is serving them, and how can we do better? Unfortunately, many business owners overestimate demand or misjudge pricing sensitivities, resulting in products or services that fail to gain traction.
To thrive, entrepreneurs must prioritize feasibility studies, competitive analysis, and customer validation exercises. Without this due diligence, they risk entering saturated markets, pricing incorrectly, or offering products with no long-term demand.
2. Weak Financial Management and Planning
Financial mismanagement remains one of the most persistent causes of business collapse. Many entrepreneurs lack fundamental financial literacy—unable to distinguish between profit and cash flow, or between gross margins and net income. This lack of understanding leads to poor decision-making, uncontrolled spending, and an inability to budget or forecast.
A successful business must implement sound accounting practices, establish clear financial controls, and adopt budgeting processes that align with strategic objectives. Entrepreneurs should leverage modern accounting software and, where possible, seek guidance from professional advisors or financial consultants.
Moreover, understanding unit economics—how much it costs to acquire a customer versus the lifetime value of that customer—is critical. Without these insights, even high-revenue businesses can fail if their cost structures are inefficient or unsustainable.
3. Cash Flow Constraints and Insufficient Capitalization
Cash flow—the lifeblood of any enterprise—is often misunderstood. Many business owners confuse profitability with liquidity, only to find themselves unable to cover operational expenses such as rent, payroll, or inventory.
This issue is compounded by a failure to raise capital at the right time. In South Africa’s volatile economic climate, unforeseen disruptions—such as load shedding, regulatory changes, or currency volatility—can quickly derail undercapitalized businesses.
Entrepreneurs must adopt a proactive approach to financial planning that accounts for seasonal fluctuations, delayed client payments, and potential economic shocks. Building a capital buffer and securing access to credit or investment capital can significantly increase a business’s resilience.
4. Underestimating the Competitive Landscape
South Africa’s business environment is dynamic and competitive. Many new entrants mistakenly believe their offerings are unique or that existing competitors are unsophisticated. This assumption is often misguided.
Competitor analysis is not a one-time event—it should be an ongoing process. Understanding the pricing models, service delivery mechanisms, customer retention strategies, and marketing approaches of competitors can offer valuable insights for differentiation and strategic agility.
Those who ignore competition risk being undercut on price, outpaced in innovation, or simply forgotten by consumers in a saturated market.
5. Inexperience in Hiring and Managing Talent
Even the most innovative ideas require strong execution—and that depends heavily on people. Unfortunately, many entrepreneurs lack experience in human resource management. Hiring based on convenience, cost, or personal relationships instead of merit and cultural fit can lead to operational inefficiencies and internal discord.
Effective recruitment is not just about filling roles; it’s about building a team that shares the vision, values, and ambition of the enterprise. Furthermore, poor leadership, lack of delegation, and micro-management often demotivate high-performing employees, leading to high turnover and loss of institutional knowledge.
Investing in people—through careful recruitment, team building, and leadership development—is essential to business sustainability.
6. Neglect of Employee Training and Development
In a fast-evolving economic landscape, businesses must constantly adapt to changes in technology, consumer behavior, and regulatory frameworks. Yet, employee training is often seen as a cost rather than an investment.
This mindset is dangerous. Inadequately trained staff can negatively impact customer satisfaction, productivity, and compliance. Conversely, continuous professional development fosters innovation, efficiency, and loyalty.
Entrepreneurs must create a culture of learning. This can be done through formal training programs, peer learning, mentorship initiatives, and access to industry certifications. Knowledge is a competitive advantage—and businesses that invest in human capital tend to outperform their peers.
7. Failure to Build Strategic Networks and Partnerships
In South Africa, many entrepreneurs operate in isolation. They overlook the value of business networks, industry associations, and collaborative ecosystems. However, successful businesses are rarely built in a vacuum.
Networking provides access to partnerships, funding opportunities, mentorship, and market intelligence. Engaging with other business owners, attending industry conferences, or joining business chambers can open doors that would otherwise remain closed.
Moreover, strategic alliances—whether for distribution, marketing, or product development—can reduce costs, increase market reach, and accelerate growth.
Conclusion: From Vulnerability to Viability
The entrepreneurial journey in South Africa is not for the faint-hearted. The economic landscape presents both opportunities and obstacles, and while many businesses begin with promise, too few survive long enough to reach their full potential.
To reverse this trend, entrepreneurs must shift from reactive to strategic thinking. They must invest time in market research, build solid financial foundations, plan for cash flow disruptions, and hire with intentionality. Furthermore, cultivating talent, embracing lifelong learning, and fostering collaborative relationships can significantly enhance business longevity.
At Ovid Capita, we advocate for an integrated approach to entrepreneurship—one that combines passion with planning, and innovation with execution. With the right guidance, tools, and mindset, South African entrepreneurs can overcome the systemic barriers that currently hinder SME growth and unlock the full potential of their ventures.
By addressing these avoidable pitfalls and embracing best practices, we can build a stronger, more inclusive, and sustainable business ecosystem that not only drives economic transformation but also uplifts communities across the country.
Ekos Akpokabayen has an MSc in Finance, and also the Chief Investment Officer at
Ovid Capita
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From Giant to Beggar: The Tragic Collapse of Nigeria Under APC Rule
Published
2 days agoon
April 4, 2025
From Giant to Beggar: The Tragic Collapse of Nigeria Under APC Rule
By George Omagbemi Sylvester
Once hailed as the “Giant of Africa,” Nigeria now limps on broken legs — economically battered, politically rudderless, and morally bankrupt. It is no longer just the brain drain that should worry us; it is the soul drain. Nigerians — students, professionals, entire families — are fleeing not just to Europe or North America, but to Ghana, a nation we once dismissed as “small brother.” This is not just ironic. It is humiliating. And it is a direct consequence of the All Progressives Congress (APC) taking power in 2015.
The APC’s takeover, starting with President Muhammadu Buhari in 2015, marked the beginning of a free-fall. What followed was a decade of despair, capped now by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu — another APC patriarch — who has inherited and worsened the crisis. The result? Every airport terminal has become a departure lounge for the talented, the young, and the fed up.
A Decade of Despair: From Buhari
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