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Chains to Contracts: The Evolution of Slavery in the Modern Age

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Chains to Contracts: The Evolution of Slavery in the Modern Age By George Omagbemi Sylvester

Chains to Contracts: The Evolution of Slavery in the Modern Age

By George Omagbemi Sylvester

When we speak of slavery, the mind drifts to shackles, auction blocks, and the haunting cries from the belly of slave ships. Yet, the horror of slavery is not buried in the past. It walks among us in suits, uniforms, sweatshops, and the dimly lit rooms of human trafficking dens. Slavery has not died, it has evolved. The faces are familiar, the chains invisible, the cruelty repackaged.

It is not that humans today are still being bought and sold in open markets though in Libya and parts of the Middle East, they are but that their dignity continues to be auctioned off for profit, power, and silence.

As the American philosopher Noam Chomsky once said, “The smart way to keep people passive and obedient is to strictly limit the spectrum of acceptable opinion but allow very lively debate within that spectrum.” This is the nature of modern slavery: hidden beneath systems, laws, and economics that present themselves as “normal.”

A Mirror to the Past
In the 18th and 19th centuries, Africans were deemed subhuman beasts of burden, creatures of muscle without mind or soul. Slave traders and their wealthy patrons justified this evil with religion, pseudoscience, and imperial law. French philosopher Voltaire once wrote shamefully that “negroes are inferior to whites.” Such beliefs laid the foundation for centuries of inhuman treatment.

Today, slavery has become more sophisticated, but no less brutal. According to the Global Slavery Index 2023, over 50 million people worldwide are currently trapped in modern slavery. This includes forced labor, child marriage, debt bondage, and sex trafficking. India, China, Pakistan, and Nigeria rank among the highest in prevalence. In the Gulf States, African and Asian workers live under “kafala” sponsorship systems that rob them of freedom. In Eritrea, conscription is lifelong. In parts of Southeast Asia, women are groomed, raped, and sold. Slavery now wears a suit and calls itself industry.

Yet what binds the slavery of the past to that of the present is one thing: a lack of understanding and empathy.

Understanding Is the First Step Toward Justice
In the days of the transatlantic slave trade, African slaves were deemed less than human. Today, victims of trafficking are called “illegal immigrants.” Workers in sweatshops are seen as statistics. Street children are dismissed as delinquents. Refugees fleeing war are labeled threats.

This is not just ignorance, it is the weaponization of ignorance.

As Ghanaian philosopher Kwame Anthony Appiah argues in The Ethics of Identity, the failure to see the other as fully human “with dreams, fears, histories, and hopes” is what makes exploitation possible. “Recognition is the first human gift we owe one another,” he wrote. Without that recognition, oppression festers.

Philosophers, Prophets, and the Common Man
Frederick Douglass, an escaped slave turned intellectual giant, once declared, “Knowledge makes a man unfit to be a slave.” That is as true today as it was in 1855. The more we understand the interconnected systems that perpetuate human suffering, the less likely we are to participate in them silently.

Jean-Paul Sartre, a French existentialist, warned us that freedom is what you do with what’s been done to you. The enslaved of old were beaten into obedience; the modern slave is conditioned into silence by poverty, patriarchy, and precariousness.

Listen to the market woman in Lagos who cannot afford to send her daughter to school, only to later find out that child has been trafficked to Europe. Hear the cries of the boy from Bangladesh, working 16 hours in a factory for global brands. Are they not as human as the plantation slave of Georgia or the rubber-tapper of colonial Congo?

Capitalism, Complicity, and the New Chains
Karl Marx once said, “Capital is dead labor, which, vampire-like, lives only by sucking living labor.” That vampire has grown fangs. Under today’s global capitalism, workers are expendable, outsourced, and underpaid. Tech companies boast billions while their workers sleep in tents. Brands celebrate “diversity” while profiting off child labor in cobalt mines.

Even in developed nations, slavery thrives, subtly. Undocumented immigrants labor in farms, homes, and factories, afraid to speak out. Domestic workers suffer abuse behind closed doors. Prisons, especially in the U.S., operate as labor mills, where disproportionately Black inmates work for pennies.

Slavery is no longer a crime against humanity, it has become a business model.

Black Child, Think!
The hashtag #THINKBLACKCHILD is a cry for mental emancipation. It is not enough to learn about slavery in school and shake our heads in pity. We must trace its living roots in our modern institutions, from education and law enforcement to global trade and entertainment.

Bob Marley once sang, “Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery; none but ourselves can free our minds.” The Black child must learn to question systems, to trace patterns, to see the world through the lens of justice, not convenience.

Solutions or Silence?
We must start by naming the evil. Modern slavery must be declared a global emergency. Governments must criminalize and dismantle the structures “legal or illegal” that permit exploitation. Rich nations must stop preaching democracy while buying cocoa, diamonds, and garments harvested through suffering.

Education must be decolonized. Economic systems must be people-centered. And every citizen must ask: Who is paying the price for my convenience?

A quote often misattributed to Edmund Burke says, “The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing.” Whether said by Burke or not, the truth stands.

The Fire Next Time:
The legendary James Baldwin warned, “If we do not now dare everything, the fulfillment of that prophecy, recreated from the Bible in song by a slave, is upon us: God gave Noah the rainbow sign, no more water, the fire next time.”

We have run out of excuses. The chains may look different, the auctions may be digital, and the plantations may be replaced by factory floors, but the crime remains. Slavery still walks among us. What are we doing about it?

To compare animals to enslaved humans, as some do, is not only offensive to history but distracts from the ongoing slavery of humans today. The better comparison is between the enslaved of yesterday and the exploited of now, both victims of a world that too often sees people as tools, not souls.

Until every child walks free, until every laborer earns with dignity, and until every woman’s body is hers alone; the fight is not over.

Chains to Contracts: The Evolution of Slavery in the Modern Age
By George Omagbemi Sylvester

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AjadiOyoOmituntun 3.0: Grassroots Walkout, Consultations Boost Ajadi’s Oyo Governorship Momentum

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AjadiOyoOmituntun 3.0: Grassroots Walkout, Consultations Boost Ajadi’s Oyo Governorship Momentum

 

Members of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) in Egbeda Local Government Area of Oyo State staged a consultation walkout on Tuesday in support of the governorship aspiration of Ambassador Olufemi Ajadi Oguntoyinbo, reaffirming their confidence in his candidacy ahead of the party’s primaries.

 

The peaceful political procession, held across major communities within the council area, attracted party leaders, grassroots mobilisers, youths, market vendors, and supporters who described Ajadi as a loyal party member with strong grassroots appeal.

 

The consultation walkout, which commenced at Osengere in Ward 8—Ajadi’s political base—moved through Gbagi Market, Iwo Road, Monatan, Olodo and Erunmu, drawing enthusiastic reactions from residents and traders who came out to welcome the PDP gubernatorial aspirant and his supporters.

 

Speaking during the walkout, Ambassador Ajadi expressed appreciation to party members and residents for their show of solidarity, describing the exercise as a demonstration of unity within the PDP in Egbeda.

 

This show of love from my people in Egbeda Local Government means a lot to me. I am a committed member of the PDP and I remain dedicated to the growth and progress of our great party,” Ajadi said.

 

He added that his governorship ambition is driven by his desire to consolidate on the achievements of Governor Seyi Makinde and further deepen good governance in Oyo State.

 

“Our goal is to build on the good governance already established by His Excellency, Governor Seyi Makinde. We want to expand opportunities for our youths, strengthen the local economy and ensure that development gets to every community,” he stated.

 

At Gbagi International Market, one of the major commercial hubs visited during the walkout, Ajadi addressed traders and artisans, assuring them of inclusive governance if given the mandate.

 

“I am coming with a clear vision to serve the people of Oyo State. Our administration, by God’s grace, will prioritise traders, artisans and small business owners because they are the backbone of our economy,” he told the cheering crowd.

 

The walkout was attended by notable PDP leaders including the Chairman of Egbeda Local Government and Oyo State Chairman of the Association of Local Governments of Nigeria (ALGON), Hon. Sikiru Oyedele Sanda; the Political Head/Administrator of Ajorosun LCDA, Hon. Ibrahim Oladebo, popularly known as Simple; the Chief of Staff to the Egbeda Local Government Chairman, Hon. Kabiru Siyanbola; and the PDP Chairman in Egbeda Local Government, Chief Alawe Olawale Ebenezer, among others.

 

Speaking on the significance of the exercise, Hon. Sanda described Ajadi as a dedicated party man whose aspiration deserves consideration.

 

“Ambassador Ajadi has demonstrated commitment to the PDP over the years. What we are witnessing today is a reflection of the acceptance he enjoys at the grassroots. Leaders will always consider candidates who have the support of the people,” he said.

 

Additionally, Chief Alawe noted that the consultation walkout was intended to reaffirm Ajadi’s loyalty to the PDP and to demonstrate his electability.

 

“Ajadi is not a stranger at our party. He is from Ward 8 here in Egbeda and he has remained consistent. We believe he is marketable and capable of flying the PDP flag if given the opportunity,” he said.

 

The event also featured entertainment performances by popular juju and gospel musician Otunba Femi Fadipe, popularly known as Femo Lancaster, alongside Bullion Records fast-rising hip-hop artiste Harcher (Abdul Rahman Yusuf), whose musical performances added colour to the political outing and attracted more young supporters.

 

Party faithful who spoke with journalists during the event said the turnout of supporters and the convoy of vehicles and motorcycles that accompanied the walkout showed the growing acceptance of Ajadi’s aspiration within the local government.

 

Observers noted that the consultation tour forms part of Ajadi’s ongoing grassroots engagement strategy aimed at strengthening his support base across Oyo State ahead of the PDP governorship race.

 

The walkout ended with a renewed call by supporters for party leaders to consider Ajadi’s popularity and loyalty to the PDP when the process of selecting the party’s governorship candidate begins.

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NIGERIA’S EDUCATION STRIDES, GLOBAL ACKNOWLEDGMENT: When Evidence Travels from Jigawa

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Governing Through Hardship: How Tinubu’s Policies Targets the Poor. By George Omagbemi Sylvester | Published by SaharaWeeklyNG.com 

NIGERIA’S EDUCATION STRIDES, GLOBAL ACKNOWLEDGMENT: When Evidence Travels from Jigawa

…as President Tinubu set to commission Africa’s largest schools complex in Lagos

By O’tega Ogra

 

There is a quiet shift happening in Nigeria’s education system. You will not find it in speeches neither will you find it in long policy documents. But if you look closely, you will see it in something far more difficult to dismiss. Evidence.

Last week in San Francisco, at the Comparative and International Education Society (CIES) conference, data from classrooms in Jigawa State was presented before a global audience. Not projections. Not estimates. A record of what is happening inside a public system in Nigeria. 

That distinction matters. For years, much of what the world has understood about education in countries like ours has been assembled from a distance. National averages. Modelled estimates and reports written long after the fact. What was presented this time came from within. Attendance tracked daily. Teachers reassigned based on need. Classrooms observed as they function. All under a digitalised ecosystem.

In Jigawa, under the JigawaUNITE foundational learning digital programme, the numbers tell a simple story. Within roughly 150 days of implementation which commenced at the end of 2024, 95 previously understaffed schools were fully staffed. Pupil teacher ratio moved from 114:1 to 70:1. Daily attendance rose from 39 per cent to 77 per cent. This remarkable improvement was not achieved by expanding the workforce. It came from reorganising what already existed under a digital umbrella.

There is something instructive in that. Nigeria has never lacked policy. What we have often lacked is the discipline of execution. The ability to take what already exists and make it work as intended. That is where the real shift is beginning to show.

But it would be too convenient to reduce this to one programme.

At the federal level, the direction has also been adjusting. The Minister of Education, Dr. Maruf Tunji Alausa, has placed measurable outcomes, foundational learning, and teacher quality back at the centre of policy. UBEC, the Federal Government’s Universal Basic Education body, continues to drive national interventions around school improvement and teacher development, even as it insists that reform must remain system-led and not fragmented.

The First Lady’s education interventions, through the Renewed Hope Initiative, have reinforced education as a national priority, particularly around access, learning materials, and inclusion. These are different levers, but they are part of the same ecosystem.

And then there is the fiscal reality.

Recent reforms under President Bola Ahmed Tinubu have increased allocations to subnational governments, creating more room for states to act. In a federation like Nigeria, that matters. Because education is not delivered from Abuja. It is delivered in states. In schools. In classrooms.

What Jigawa has done is to use that room and the Executive Governor of the state, the State Universal Basic Education Board, and their partners on the JigawaUNITE project, New Globe, must be given kudos.

However, Jigawa is not alone in this journey.

In Kwara, efforts to align teaching with actual learning levels are beginning to correct a structural mismatch in classrooms. In Lagos and Edo, structured pedagogy and closer monitoring are improving consistency in teaching. Across the entire ecosystem, state governments, federal institutions like UBEC, and delivery partners like NewGlobe are pushing at the same question from different angles.

How do children actually learn better?

In a prior reflection, Ifeyinwa Ugochukwu, VP at NewGlobe, captured the urgency clearly. With the right tools, training, and use of data, foundational learning outcomes can improve at scale. The real risk, she noted, is delay, allowing learning gaps to become permanent.

That warning should not be ignored because the context remains difficult. Nigeria still carries one of the largest out of school populations in the world. Learning gaps remain. Progress in one state does not resolve a national challenge, but it does something else.

It proves that movement is possible.

What was presented in Washington did not claim success. It demonstrated function. It showed that a Nigerian sub-national can generate evidence that holds up in a global room. That reform does not always require something new. Sometimes it requires using what already exists more honestly and more efficiently.

The real question now is whether this remains an exception.

Or whether it becomes a pattern.

Because reform at scale is never built on isolated wins. It is built on systems that can reproduce them.

And perhaps that is why the timing matters.

This week, another subnational, Lagos State, is expected to commission the Tolu Schools Complex in Ajegunle, a sprawling 36-school integrated facility spread across 11.7 hectares, designed to serve over 20,000 students, and described as the largest school community in Africa. 

There is a connection here that should not be missed.

On one hand, a classroom system in Jigawa is learning how to organise itself better. On the other, a state like Lagos is building the physical scale required to carry thousands of learners at once.

One is structure. The other is capacity.

Real progress sits where both meet because education reform is not only about what we build, it is about how well what we build actually works.

For once, the data was not explaining Nigeria from the outside.

It was coming from within.

And it carried weight.

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BREAKING: Onireti Appointed Director-General of City Boy Movement in Oyo State

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*BREAKING: Onireti Appointed Director-General of City Boy Movement in Oyo State*

 

The political atmosphere in Oyo State recorded a major development on Monday with the appointment of Hon. Olufemi Onireti as the new Director-General of the City Boy Movement, the grassroots mobilisation structure championing support for President Bola Ahmed Tinubu across the country.

 

The appointment was announced by the movement’s Director-General, Mr Francis Shoga, in Abuja on Tuesday during the handover of the appointment letter to Onireti.

 

This is coming days after his resignation from the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), where he had been an active figure and former House of Representatives candidate.

 

His new role is expected to reposition the group’s activities and strengthen its outreach ahead of future political engagements in Oyo State.

 

According to the movement’s leadership, Onireti was chosen based on his “wide political network, proven organisational capacity and strong presence among the youth and grassroots stakeholders.”

 

Speaking with newsmen, Onireti expressed gratitude for the confidence reposed in him and pledged to deploy his experience to advance the objectives of the City Boy Movement across the state.

 

Onireti said his decision to join the ruling party was a personal conviction shaped by ongoing political realignments and his commitment to supporting a broader progressive coalition at both state and national levels.

 

Hon. Onireti added that his appointment followed extensive consultations and harmonisation with his followers.

 

He assured supporters that his leadership would prioritise inclusiveness, strategic mobilisation and effective communication.

 

“I am committed to galvanising our structures and ensuring that Oyo State remains a stronghold for the ideals we stand for,” he said.

 

Political observers note that his appointment may shift the dynamics of political mobilisation in Oyo State, given his influence and recent political moves.

 

The City Boy Movement is expected to unveil its new operational roadmap in the coming days.

 

The movement, a prominent youth-driven support platform advancing President Tinubu’s Renewed Hope agenda, positions Onireti to lead its grassroots mobilisation efforts in Oyo as part of its national structure ahead of the 2027 elections.

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