Business
HOW MORTGAGES WORK IN NIGERIA by Dennis Isong
HOW MORTGAGES WORK IN NIGERIA by Dennis Isong
Sahara Weekly Reports That Mortgages play a pivotal role in the real estate sector, allowing individuals and families to own homes without the need for substantial upfront payments. In Nigeria, as in many countries, mortgages are a common means of financing homeownership. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how mortgages work in Nigeria, covering the key aspects, processes, and considerations.
1. Types of Mortgages in Nigeria
In Nigeria, there are various types of mortgages available to suit different needs and financial situations. The most common types include:
a. Home Purchase Mortgage: This is the traditional form of mortgage used for buying a new home or property.
b. Home Equity Release Mortgage: This allows homeowners to access the equity in their property to meet other financial needs.
c. Construction Mortgage: Designed for those building their homes, this type of mortgage provides funds in stages during construction.
d. Refinancing Mortgage: Allows homeowners to replace an existing mortgage with a new one, often with better terms.
2. Mortgage Providers
Mortgages in Nigeria are typically provided by banks, mortgage banks, and other financial institutions. Some of the well-known mortgage banks in Nigeria include the Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria (FMBN), which focuses on affordable housing, and commercial banks like Zenith Bank, First Bank, and GTBank.
3. Eligibility Criteria
To qualify for a mortgage in Nigeria, individuals must meet certain eligibility criteria, which may include:
– Proof of regular income
– Good credit history
– Down payment capability
– Legal age (usually 18 years or older)
– Nigerian citizenship or legal residency
4. The Mortgage Application Process
The mortgage application process in Nigeria involves several steps:
a. Prequalification: Potential borrowers assess their financial status, calculate affordability, and choose a suitable mortgage type.
b. Documentation: Applicants provide necessary documents such as proof of income, identification, and property details.
c. Property Valuation: The lender evaluates the property’s value to determine the loan amount.
d. Credit Assessment: Lenders assess the borrower’s creditworthiness by reviewing credit reports and history.
e. Approval and Disbursement: Upon approval, the mortgage is disbursed, and the borrower takes ownership of the property.
5. Mortgage Terms and Conditions
Mortgages in Nigeria typically have terms ranging from 10 to 25 years. Interest rates can be fixed or variable, and the repayment structure can be monthly, quarterly, or annually.
6. Mortgage Insurance
Mortgage insurance is often required, especially for mortgages with smaller down payments. This insurance protects the lender in case the borrower defaults on the loan.
7. Repayment and Default
Borrowers must make regular payments to avoid default. Defaulting on a mortgage can result in the lender repossessing the property, so it’s essential to honor the repayment schedule.
8. Government Initiatives
The Nigerian government has introduced several initiatives to promote affordable housing and increase access to mortgages. The FMBN, for instance, offers the National Housing Fund (NHF) scheme, which provides affordable mortgage loans to contributors.
9. Tax Implications
It’s important for prospective homeowners in Nigeria to be aware of the tax implications associated with mortgages. Mortgage interest paid on a primary residence is often eligible for tax deductions, which can help reduce the overall cost of homeownership. Tax laws and regulations may vary, so consulting with a tax professional is advisable.
10. Benefits of Mortgages in Nigeria
Owning a home through a mortgage in Nigeria offers several advantages:
a. Asset Appreciation: Real estate in Nigeria generally appreciates over time, potentially increasing the value of your investment.
b. Forced Savings: Paying a mortgage every month encourages disciplined saving, as a portion of each payment goes toward building home equity.
c. Housing Security: Homeownership provides stability and security for you and your family.
d. Investment Opportunity: Owning property can open doors to real estate investment and rental income.
e. Access to Government Schemes: Many government initiatives and incentives are designed to make homeownership more accessible, particularly for low and middle-income earners.
11. Challenges and Risks
While mortgages offer numerous benefits, they also come with potential challenges and risks:
a. Interest Rate Fluctuations: Variable interest rates can lead to fluctuations in monthly payments, impacting borrowers’ budgets.
b. Economic Factors: Economic downturns can affect borrowers’ ability to make mortgage payments, leading to defaults.
c. Property Market Volatility: Real estate markets can be unpredictable, potentially affecting property values.
d. Legal and Documentation Complexities: Navigating the legal and documentation requirements of mortgages can be complex and time-consuming.
e. Default Consequences: Defaulting on a mortgage can result in foreclosure and the loss of the property.
12. Expert Advice
Before embarking on the mortgage application process in Nigeria, it’s advisable to seek expert advice. Consult with financial advisors, real estate professionals, and legal experts to ensure you make informed decisions that align with your financial goals and circumstances.
Dennis Isong is a TOP REALTOR IN LAGOS.He Helps Nigerians in Diaspora to Own Property In Lagos Nigeria STRESS-FREE. For Questions WhatsApp/Call 2348164741041
Bank
Fidelity Bank grows gross earnings by 38% to N434.95b in Q1
Fidelity Bank grows gross earnings by 38% to N434.95b in Q1
Fidelity Bank Plc recorded 37.9 per cent growth in gross earnings to N434.95 billion in first quarter 2026 as the international commercial bank continued to expand its core banking market share.
Interim report and accounts of Fidelity Bank for the three months ended March 31, 2026 released at the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) showed that gross earnings rose from N315.42 billion in first quarter 20025 to N434.95 billion in first quarter 2026, representing an increase of 37.9 per cent.
The top-line performance was driven by impressive growth in the bank’s core business operations with interest incomes rising by 22.8 per cent to N314.48 billion in first quarter 2026 as against N256.10 billion in first quarter 2025.
With net interest income at N180.97 billion, the bank closed the period with profit before tax of N92.48 billion. After taxes, net profit stood at N74.47 billion for the three-month period. Earnings per share remained high at N5.69, underlining the capacity of the bank to reward its shareholders.
The balance sheet of the bank also emerged stronger. Total assets crossed the N11 trillion mark to N11.35 trillion by March 2026 compared with N10.46 trillion recorded in December 2025. Customers’ deposits increased from N6.89 trillion to N7.38 trillion. Total equity rode on the back of earnings growth to a 27.5 per cent increase from N1.09 trillion in December 2025 to N1.39 trillion by March 2026.
The first quarter 2026 results further consolidated the strong earnings outlook of the bank, which had successfully completed its recapitalisation amidst impressive earnings performance in 2025.
Fidelity Bank had recorded double-digit growths in interest and non-interest incomes as well as key balance sheet items during the year ended December 31, 2025.
The audited report showed that gross earnings rose from N1.04 trillion in 2024 to N1.52 trillion in 2025, an increase of 45.6 per cent. Interest and similar incomes had grown by 38.7 per cent from N803.1 billion in 2024 to N1.11 trillion in 2025. Fees and commission incomes also rose by 44.7 per cent from N78.4 billion to N113.4 billion. The bank recorded net profit after tax of N242.4 billion in 2025.
The bank’s balance sheet emerged stronger with total assets rising by 18.6 per cent to N10.46 trillion in 2025 as against N8.82 trillion in 2024. Customer deposits increased by 16.1 per cent from N5.94 trillion to N6.89 trillion, reflecting continued franchise strength and an improved funding profile. Net loans and advances meanwhile declined by 2.4 per cent to N4.28 trillion in 2025 as against N4.39 trillion in 2024, attributable to customers paying down on their mature obligations.
The bank had in 2025 strengthened its capital position, with eligible capital rising to N561 billion, above the regulatory minimum of N500 billion for banks with international authorisation. In addition, capital adequacy had remained robust, with Capital Adequacy Ratio of 30.94 per cent by December 2025 as against 23.47 per cent by December 2024.
Managing Director, Fidelity Bank Plc, Dr. Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe, said the first quarter 2026 results reinforced the bank’s strong and resilient business model.
She noted that with the remarkable success of its recapitalisation programme and continuing expansion, Fidelity Bank has entered a new era of growth and impressive returns.
“We are on a stronger footing and confident that we will set new growth records that are reflective of our legacy and the future we are working on,” Onyeali-Ikpe said.
Business
Dangote Refinery Ends Nigeria’s Era of Fuel Import Dependence, Boosts GDP, FX Earnings — EIU
Dangote Refinery Ends Nigeria’s Era of Fuel Import Dependence, Boosts GDP, FX Earnings — EIU
The operational ramp up of the 650,000 barrels per day Dangote Petroleum Refinery & Petrochemicals is fundamentally reshaping Nigeria’s downstream oil sector, significantly reducing the country’s dependence on imported refined petroleum products and strengthening its external position, according to the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU).
In its latest assessment on Nigeria’s fuel market and regulatory environment, the EIU said the refinery has already transformed a sector that was previously characterised by heavy reliance on imported fuel despite Nigeria being Africa’s largest crude oil producer. The report noted that the refinery met nearly 80 per cent of domestic petrol demand in April and produced enough volumes to satisfy local consumption requirements as operations approached full capacity.
The EIU described Nigeria’s downstream petroleum sector before the refinery as “long dysfunctional”, noting that the country had remained almost entirely dependent on costly imported fuel while producing nearly 1.5 million barrels of crude oil daily.
According to the report, the emergence of the refinery has reduced import dependence, improved domestic fuel availability and strengthened Nigeria’s balance of payments position through lower import demand and rising exports of refined petroleum products.
“The gradual ramp up of the 650,000 barrel/day Dangote refinery since May 2023 has transformed Nigeria’s long dysfunctional downstream sector,” the report stated. “The country’s main refineries, all state owned, had been inoperative for years and Nigeria was almost entirely reliant on costly imported fuel.”
The research and analysis division of The Economist Group, London added that the refinery’s attainment of full operational capacity and its planned expansion would further support Nigeria’s economic growth and foreign exchange earnings over the medium term.
“Meanwhile, the attainment of full capacity at, and an increase in exports from, the Dangote refinery will support real GDP growth and foreign exchange earnings in 2026 and 2027 and beyond, as a planned doubling of the plant’s output comes on stream around the end of the decade,” it added.
Industry analysts said the refinery is increasingly positioning Nigeria as an emerging refining and export hub, altering energy trade flows across Africa and reducing the vulnerability associated with fuel import dependence.
The EIU noted that the refinery’s expansion has coincided with major reforms in Nigeria’s downstream sector, including the removal of fuel subsidies and the introduction of market driven pricing mechanisms.
The report, however, said the transition from a state dominated fuel import structure to large scale domestic refining has triggered resistance from interests linked to the old import regime.
The latest tensions emerged following the decision by the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority to relax restrictions on petrol imports despite the refinery’s growing capacity to meet domestic demand.
Dangote Industries subsequently initiated legal action, arguing that continued import approvals undermine domestic refining investments and conflict with the objectives of the Petroleum Industry Act, which seeks to encourage local refining capacity and reduce import dependence.
Analysts noted that the availability of large-scale domestic refining capacity has improved Nigeria’s energy security and reduced exposure to external supply shocks and foreign exchange volatility.
The Centre for the Promotion of Private Enterprise also cautioned against unrestrained importation of petroleum products, warning that such a policy could weaken Nigeria’s industrialisation drive and discourage investments in domestic refining.
Chief Executive Officer of CPPE, Muda Yusuf, said continued dependence on imported fuel had historically contributed to pressure on foreign reserves, exchange rate instability and fiscal leakages.
The refinery’s growing impact is also being reflected in Nigeria’s broader macroeconomic indicators. Earlier this month, S&P Global Ratings cited increased domestic refining capacity and rising hydrocarbon exports among the major factors supporting Nigeria’s sovereign credit rating upgrade – the first in 14 years.
Beyond Nigeria, analysts said the refinery is increasingly being viewed as a strategic industrial asset for Africa, where many countries remain heavily dependent on imported fuel despite rising demand for transportation, manufacturing, and power generation.
Business
BREAKING: Court Dismisses $19.6 Million Claim Against NNPCL — Rules Contract Scope Cannot Be Changed Orally
BREAKING: Court Dismisses $19.6 Million Claim Against NNPCL — Rules Contract Scope Cannot Be Changed Orally
In a landmark ruling on Friday, May 22, 2026, the Federal Capital Territory High Court in Abuja threw out a $19.6 million lawsuit filed by Alternate Dimensions Ventures Ltd against the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPCL), affirming a key legal principle: a written contract cannot be expanded through oral agreements or conduct.
Alternate Dimensions had sought $19,600,000 in professional fees, claiming the scope of its Direct Sale, Direct Purchase (DSDP e-pro) contract with NNPCL was orally expanded. Represented by counsel Patrick Peter, the firm argued it was entitled to the revised sum for services rendered under the alleged new terms.
But NNPCL, through its lawyer Ituah Imhanze of KENNA LP, pushed back sharply, arguing that parties are bound exclusively by the clear terms of their written agreement. Imhanze contended that without any written amendment, the claim was legally unsound, and the court agreed.
Delivering judgment, Justice Hamza Mu’azu upheld NNPCL’s defense, stating that the contract was unambiguous and that no evidence was adduced during the trial, which supported the alleged scope expansion. The court further found that NNPCL fully complied with all contractual terms and committed no breach.
Dismissing the suit as meritless, Justice Mu’azu reinforced the doctrine of sanctity of contract: any amendment to a written agreement must be express, unequivocal, and documented, not implied or verbal.
The ruling spares NNPCL from the S19.6 million claim and also a floodgate of similar potential liabilities.
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