inside a Growing Revolt Over Nigerias Unity Schools: Why Humphrey Nwafor Is Marching

By : Murphy Ajibade Alabi

On Saturday, May 9, 2026, the usually fluid rhythm of Lagos, Abuja and Kano will make room for something more deliberate: an awareness walk and rally led by alumni of Nigerians famed Unity Schools. One of those alumni is Humphrey Nwafor, President of the Lagos Chapter of the Federal Government College Kano Old Students Association (FGCKOSA), a man whose calm delivery masks a deeply structured critique of government policy.

When we met, Nwafor was neither incendiary nor sentimental. He was precise almost surgical in how he framed the issue.

This is not a protest against reform, he began. It is a protest against how reform is being executed.

The Fault Line: Reform vs. Asset Stripping
For years, multilateral institutions such as the World Bank have advocated for a shift in how public institutions particularly schools are managed in developing economies. The argument is straightforward: government ownership often breeds inefficiency, while private sector participation introduces discipline, capital, and accountability.
Nwafor does not reject this premise. In fact, he embraces it.
I agree that these schools need a new funding and management model, he told me. That conversation is long overdue.
But his agreement ends where current policy begins.
What is happening now is not reform. It is asset stripping disguised as Public-Private Partnership.
His contention is that the ongoing PPP concessions involving Unity Schools some of which include land swaps and commercial developmentsfail a basic economic test: they do not eliminate governments financial burden. Instead, they reduce the asset base of the schools while leaving funding obligations largely intact.
That is not sustainability. That is liquidation, he said flatly.

A Question of Value
Unity Schoolsfederal secondary institutions established to foster national integrationare not just educational facilities. Many sit on expansive parcels of land, some in increasingly valuable urban corridors. Several are over 50 years old and have produced generations of Nigerias elite across sectors.
Nwafor sees this not as a liability, but as an under-leveraged asset.
These schools have alumni networks embedded in global corporations, multinationals, and financial institutions. You are talking about individuals and organizations with the capacity for structured, long-term investment through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and philanthropic vehicles.
He leaned forward slightly.
Why sell land when you havent even activated your most obvious capital pool?

The Numbers Behind the Argument
To illustrate his point, Nwafor pointed to Nigerias banking sector, which has posted record profits in recent years. While he did not cite a specific figure during our conversation, industry reports indicate that the combined profits of major Nigerian banks in 2025 run into trillions of naira.
His proposal is mathematically simple:
If just 0.5% of banking sector profits were systematically channeled into Unity Schools, the funding gap would effectively disappear.
The implication is stark: the problem may not be a lack of resources, but a failure of coordination.

USOSA: The Alternative Model
At the core of Nwafors argument is an institution many outside the Unity School ecosystem may not fully appreciate: the Unity Schools Old Students Association (USOSA), an umbrella body representing alumni across these federal schools.
USOSA was built on a very clear idea, he explained. That government does not have to fund these schools indefinitely. There is a credible alternativestructured alumni-led management.
This model, he argues, is a truer expression of Public-Private Partnership than what is currently being implemented.
You hand over operational responsibility to a body that has emotional, historical, and reputational equity in the schools. Government becomes the regulator. Alumni bring funding, governance, and a competitive mindset.
That last point is critical.
When schools are run by their alumni, performance becomes personal. Every school wants to outperform the other. That is how you drive excellence.

The Process Problem
Beyond policy disagreements, what appears to animate Nwafor most is the processor lack thereof. According to him, the Federal Ministry of Education constituted a committee in June 2025 to develop PPP guidelines for Unity Schools. Yet, USOSAarguably the most relevant stakeholderwas excluded.
They did not invite us. They did not consult us. They did not even share the final guidelines.
What followed, he says, was even more troubling.
They proceeded to sign 18 PPP concession deals for 18 schoolswithout public notice, without stakeholder engagement, without asking a basic question: is there a better alternative?
The frustration here is not rhetorical; it is procedural. In governance terms, the absence of transparency and stakeholder inclusion undermines both legitimacy and long-term viability. Even formal correspondence from alumni bodies underscores this concern, citing lack of transparency, stakeholder exclusion, and deviation from established PPP guidelines as central objections.
Nwafors summary is blunt: Who works like that?

Why He Is Marching
For Nwafor, Saturdays march is not symbolicit is strategic.
This is an awareness walk. We are trying to force a national conversation.
He is particularly focused on reaching one audience: President Bola Ahmed Tinubu.
My greatest hope is that the President hears usnot as critics, but as stakeholders offering a better solution.
His appeal is framed less as opposition and more as course correction.
If the true objective is to reduce the financial burden on government and improve these schools, then we are presenting a model that does bothwithout destroying value.

The Stakes
At stake is more than land or policy. It is the future governance model of a network of institutions that has, for decades, played a quiet but significant role in Nigerias nation-building.
The governments current path suggests a belief in private capital as the primary solution. Nwafors counterproposal does not reject that beliefit redirects it.
From external investors to internal stakeholders.
From asset liquidation to asset optimization.
From opaque concessions to participatory governance.

As Lagos, Abuja and Kano prepare for the march, one thing is clear: this is not a nostalgia-driven defense of the past. It is a contest over the architecture of the future. And Humphrey Nwafor intends to make sure it is not decided quietly.