Worst WAEC Results in 10 Years Raise Concerns Over Education Standards, CBT Readiness
ABUJA, August 5, 2025 — Nigeria’s education sector is under renewed scrutiny after the 2025 West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE) recorded its worst performance in a decade, igniting debate over exam reforms, poor teaching quality, and readiness for full Computer-Based Testing (CBT) next year.
On Monday, the West African Examinations Council (WAEC) announced that only 38.32 percent of the 1,969,313 candidates who sat for the exam obtained five credits, including English and Mathematics—a sharp drop from the 72.12 percent pass rate in 2024.
The last time Nigeria posted a worse result was in 2014, when just 31.28 percent made the benchmark. Over the past decade, performance peaked at 81.70 percent in 2021 before plunging this year.
WAEC Blames Anti-Cheating Measures, CBT Integration
Head of WAEC Nigeria, Dr. Amos Dangut, linked the massive drop to stricter anti-malpractice measures, including serialisation of objective papers, which made collusion “more difficult.”
“The decline can be attributed to new protocols designed to curb malpractice,” Dangut said. He added that Computer-Based Testing was introduced in key subjects like English Language, Mathematics, Biology, and Economics, reducing malpractice but exposing digital illiteracy among students.
He noted that 192,089 results (9.75%) were withheld for alleged cheating—slightly lower than 2024’s 11.92 percent—while 451,796 results (22.94%) remain under processing for technical and administrative reasons.
Despite the low benchmark pass, 87.24 percent of candidates earned five credits in other combinations of subjects.
Digital Transition Sparks Fresh Concerns
The sharp performance decline comes ahead of Nigeria’s planned full CBT transition for WASSCE in 2026, following a Federal Government directive earlier this year.
However, stakeholders warn the timeline is unrealistic, citing this year’s glitches in CBT-based Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) and WAEC’s own logistical chaos—such as the late-night English Language paper on May 28, which saw students writing under candlelight in some states.
WAEC blamed the midnight session on the reprinting of leaked papers, a move that disrupted logistics nationwide.
Stakeholders React: ‘A Reflection of Deep Rot’
Parents-Teachers Association (PTA) President, Haruna Danjuma, said poor preparation and lack of computer knowledge among candidates worsened the outcome:
“Some students did not prepare well. Public schools lack learning materials, and the environment is not conducive. CBT exams blocked chances of malpractice, which many depend on,” Danjuma said.
Prof. Francis Egbokhare, former Director of Distance Learning, University of Ibadan, described the results as a symptom of systemic failure:
“This reflects a crisis of quality in education. We neglect teacher training and infrastructure while obsessing over technology and AI as if they can replace quality instruction,” he lamented, warning of growing “functional illiteracy” among graduates.
Dr. Bisi Akin-Alabi, Project Lead, Safe Schools, Lagos, agreed with WAEC that tougher protocols and serialised question papers made cheating harder, exposing students’ dependence on “expo.”
“The option of CBT shocked many students who lack digital skills,” she said, urging educators to embrace AI-assisted learning and better preparation rather than reliance on leaks.
What Next for WAEC and Nigeria’s Education System?
With less than a year to full CBT exams, experts warn that failure to train teachers, upgrade infrastructure, and close digital gaps could doom millions of students.
As WAEC insists the reforms are necessary to protect exam integrity, Monday’s result has left one question hanging:
Is Nigeria ready for a technology-driven education system—or headed for another decade of failure?
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