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Health/Beauty

How DNA testing may wrongly nail your wife (2) By Tunde Odesola

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How DNA testing may wrongly nail your wife (2) By Tunde Odesola

 

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When the blindfolded head drops on the hard floor, kpi!, like the back-kick of an angry horse, please, know that not all guillotined heads are guilty.

 

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That is why the Yoruba say, “Ori yeye ni Imogun, t’aise lo po.” Imogun is the Yoruba Golgotha; the place of skulls, where many innocent heads have rolled down the pit of death, spurting hot blood.

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If man didn’t reach for the sky at Babel, and all languages were one, I wouldn’t be saddled with the burden of translating this Yoruba proverb into English. But, it’s ok, I’ll try.

 

 

 

 

“Ori yeye ni Imogun, t’aise lo po” alerts the heedful to the limitations of human judgment and the evil that lurks in man’s heart.

 

 

 

I felt like going beyond the translation of the proverb into English. So, I went in search of the Araba of Osogbo, Chief Ifeyemi Elebuibon, to unravel for me the story behind the proverb.

“Once upon a time,” Elebuibon began, “Ogunda and his friend, Irosun, had an argument. Ogunda contended that many of those beheaded at Imogun are guiltless, but Irosun disagreed, saying, “Ika to ba se, l’Oba nge,” meaning: “It’s only the offending finger that the king cuts.

“So, one night, Ogunda killed an antelope in the forest. He sneaked into Irosun’s house and smeared his sleeping friend’s hands with the blood of the kill even as he sprinkled the blood on the ground, all the way to the king’s pen.

“Very early the following morning, Irosun was still sleeping when the king’s guards broke down his door and arrested him for killing the king’s antelope. Irosun pleaded his innocence, but he was dragged away, all the same, his toes barely touching the ground.

“The guillotine was the final journey for anyone that stole from the royal farm. Irosun’s fate was sealed. He must honour a date with death.

“On the Day of Death, many people trooped out to Imogun, to watch how the thief’s head would tumble down the headful dumpsite, squirting blood.

“The masked hangman with bulging biceps and a razor-sharp sword curved at the tip like Go-to-hell advanced slowly towards the shackled Irosun. He stood at arm’s length and raised up his shiny sword to heaven for the swift strike that would cut off the neck bone, separating the head from the body.

“He brought down his sword impatiently as Ogunda stepped out, and told the truth. Irosun was shaken back to life, sweat and urine had soaked his clothes. Ogunda asked his friend if it was only the guilty that got punished. A shivering Irosun answered, ‘Ori yeye ni Imogun, t’aise lo po’.”

Globally, many women and men have been wrongly accused of not being the mothers and fathers to their biological children because they are chimeras.

Who should she forgive – DNA testing machine or her unbelieving husband – the woman wrongly accused of infidelity because the genotype of her child doesn’t match that of the biological father? Can she even ever forgive?

Who should he blame, DNA testing machine or his fate, the man wrongly denied the joy of fatherhood because he is a chimera?

What is chimerism?
According to the European Journal of Medical Genetics, scientificamerican.com, and healthline.com, a chimera is generally an animal or human that contains the cells of two or more individuals – that is, their bodies contain two different sets of DNA, with the code to make two separate organisms.

Natural chimerism
Scientificamerican.com says, “One way that chimeras can happen naturally in humans is that a foetus can absorb its twin. This can occur with fraternal twins, if one embryo dies very early in pregnancy, and some of its cells are “absorbed” by the other twin. The remaining foetus will have two sets of cells, its own original set, plus the one from its twin.”

Healthline.com says microchimerism, which is another form of natural chimerism, most commonly occurs in humans when a pregnant woman absorbs a few cells from her foetus, adding that the opposite may also happen, where a foetus absorbs a few cells from its mother. “These cells may travel into the mother’s or foetus’s bloodstream and migrate to different organs,” it says.

Tetragametic chimerism
This is also a form of natural chimerism. It happens when two different sperm cells fertilise two different egg cells. Then, these cells all fuse together into one human embryo with crossed cell lines.

Artificial chimerism
“Artificial chimerism,” according to healthline.com, “occurs when a person receives a blood transfusion, stem cell transplant, or bone marrow transplant from another person and absorbs some of that person’s cells. This is called artificial chimerism.

“Artificial chimerism was more common in the past. Today, transfused blood is usually treated with radiation. This helps the transfusion or transplant recipient to better absorb the new cells without permanently incorporating them into their body.”

Cases of chimerism
In its September 2020 publication, the European Journal of Medical Genetics says human chimeras have been described for nearly 70 years by experts but the phenomenon gained public attention in the last 20 years with three high-profile media reports of coincidental findings during parentage testing.

The issue of the American woman, Karen Keegan, mentioned in the first part of this article, was a high-profile case of chimerism reported in 2002, in Boston, when genetic tests were conducted on her as she prepared to receive a kidney from any of her family members. After the tests, it was ‘discovered’ that two of Keegan’s three sons were not hers.

Another high-profile case of chimerism was that of another American, Lydia Fairchild, who had to be videoed at childbirth when genetic tests showed that she wasn’t the mother of her two sons when she applied for assistance for them from the State of Washington. She was subsequently charged with fraud. Even her third childbirth showed she wasn’t the mother of the child. After an extensive medical investigation, however, the genetic composition of her children matched a second DNA lineage found in the narrow tube that connects her vagina to her uterus.

The third reported case of chimerism was that of an unnamed 34-year-old man in California who, in 2015, failed a paternity test after the child was found to have AB blood group while both parents were A. According to an article, How a Man’s Unborn Twin Fathered His Child, published in Times magazine, the sperm that fertilised the wife’s egg belonged to the man’s unborn twin.

A June 2021 article published by The Embryo Project Encyclopedia paraphrased Policy Professor at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts, Sheldon Krimsky, and genetics expert, Tania Simoncelli, warning in their 2012 book, Genetic Justice: DNA Databanks, Criminal Investigations, and Civil Liberties, that human chimerism could potentially upend the US court system’s reliance on DNA evidence, citing Fairchild and Keegan as case studies.

But, in a response, legal professor David H. Kaye, in an article, Chimeric Criminals, published in the Minnesota Journal of Law, Science and Technology in 2013, debunks the assertion by Krimsky and Simoncelli.

Kaye, however, ‘acknowledges human chimerism should be a consideration in DNA testing, given its unknown frequency, but rejects the statement that it is a significant obstacle to its use in forensic investigation’.

Kaye also agrees that any human could display some traits of chimerism because there are numerous ways one could be considered a chimera.

Appearance and Reality are, oftentimes, at variance. When serious nations of the world are honestly fighting corruption, the Nigerian government has done everything to shield its son, DCP Abba Kyari, from facing criminal prosecution in the US for fraud.

I watched the video of Kano Governor, Abdullahi Ganduje, dancing with a spurting hose as he washed a vehicle at a car wash inauguration. I think Nigerians shall soon see the launching of the babaringa with the biggest pocket in Kano.

Concluded

NB: I thank Kemi Samuel, secondary schoolmate and London-based registered nurse, for sharing her knowledge on chimerism with me. God bless Kemo!

Email: tundeodes2003@yahoo.com
Twitter: @tunde_odesola
Facebook: @tunde odesola
TundeOdesola.com

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Health/Beauty

Ogun Kickstarts Free Surgery Intervention Programme

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Ogun Kickstarts Free Surgery Intervention Programme

 

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@OGSG_Official on Monday began the process of offering free surgical services to indegents in the state.

The Executive Secretary of Ogun State Health Insurance Agency, Dr. Afolabi Dosunmu, who stated this at the flag-off of registration for the intervention held at the State Hospital, Ijaye, Abeokuta, said the intervention was a directive given by Governor Dapo Abiodun to provide succour to the people at this difficult time.

Dr. Dosunmu said hospitals in the state are ready to carry out the directive of the governor.

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“The modalities are very simple as long as you are a resident of the state, as long as you have one surgical need or the other, you are free to walk into any of our state or general hospitals and enroll on the insurance scheme.

“The doctors there will assess you if it is a case that is ready for surgery and once all other perimeters have been concluded, we will get the surgery done.”

He said those whose cases are not ready for immediate surgery, would be enrolled for them to have access to the intervention when they are ready.

He added: “It is possible for someone to have, for example, cataract, and the cataract is not yet matured, we will still enroll the person. We will give the person a date for when the cataract is going to mature.

“For example, if you want to remove fibroid when you see the doctor and the doctor said your electrolyte is a bit high or your blood pressure is a little bit high, it needs to be controlled before you can be taken in for surgery”, Dr. Dosunmu explained.

The Executive Secretary noted that surgery operations would start on Tuesday as there were a lot of cases that needed urgent attention.

“We have a matching mandate from the governor for us to enroll 70,000 people and it is broken down to 20,000 pregnant women till they deliver even if the delivery is through cesarean section. The child is delivered, in the first six months, we will take care of its medical needs.

“We have also been asked to enroll 20,000 market women and 30,000 poor people in the state. Among the 70,000, any other person in the state that needs surgery, they have to come down and get their surgery done.”

He lauded the state governor for impacting directly on the lives of the people saying, “Everything is free from the moment they walk in and get enrolled, screened and do tests as well as the surgery and even after surgery.”

Also speaking, Mrs. Olusola Akintola, a retired secondary school principal, commended Governor @dabiodunMFR for the programme, saying it would help the less privileged take care of their medical bills while Mr. Semiu Koleosho, said he enrolled in the programme to enable his son to benefit from the free surgery.

 

Ogun Kickstarts Free Surgery Intervention Programme

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Health/Beauty

How To Get Rid Of Bed Bugs

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How To Get Rid Of Bed Bugs

How To Get Rid Of Bed Bugs

 

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There has been a recent widespread of bed bug infestation in some parts of the world. In Nigeria, this is a common occurrence in many homes.

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While, on one hand, bed bugs are very easy to bring into your home without you realizing it, on the other hand, they could be a very difficult creature to get rid of; as not only are they hard to find, but they could also pose resistance to some insecticides.

 

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How To Get Rid Of Bed Bugs

 

In this section, I will explain the signs of bedbug infestation to watch out for in your home and how to get rid of them. If you are interested, let’s get started.

How to Detect Bed Bugs in Your Home:
Bed bugs are dark yellow, brown, or red-coloured tiny insects. They are found in tiny cracks and hidden places around the home or office, mainly on Mattresses, Bed frames, Furniture, Loose wallpapers, Clothing, Wardrobes, Electrical sockets and fittings, Cabinets, and others.

Early Signs of Bed Bugs in Your Home:
One of the early signs of bed bugs in your home is the appearance of bites on your body after waking up. The other possible signs include

-Dark stains or Blood spots on your bedding which could have resulted from bed bug bites or squashed ones
-Bed bugs poo or Small Dark spots on furniture, bedding, wallpapers, and walkways. Each excretion is about 0.5 to 1.0mm
-Bites on your skin (neck, face arms, leg, and general body) when you are asleep, with the appearance of itchy red or purple spots.
-Seeing Live insects or Adult Bed Bugs in your home. The average adult bed bug is about 5mm long.

Bed Bug Bites and Treatment.
If you have noticed any of the above signs, the following remedies are suggested

-Make sure to keep the affected area clean.
-Apply anti-inflammatory oil such as Basil or Lavender on the affected areas.
-If the bite spot feels itchy and you can’t resist scratching, you can place a clean damp cloth to help with the itching.
-Seek immediate medical attention at your pharmacy or hospital.

Fortunately, bed bugs are not known to transmit diseases. The health effects of bed bug bites may include irritation, and itching, and can result in infection if the bite spots are scratched. While some individuals do not react to bed bug bites, in some cases, affected persons have been reported to have some swelling of the affected areas.

Dos (Bed Bugs DIY Home Remedy)
-Regular cleaning and vacuuming of your environment
-Regularly wash bedding and clothing material in hot water (above 50 degrees) and tumble-dry for 30 minutes.
-Refrigerate affected bedding and clothing in a plastic bag for about 4 days.
-Eliminate clutter in your house as much as possible.
-Clean your bedroom more frequently most especially underneath your bed and cabinets
-Be careful with shared laundry facilities
-Apply bed bug killer spray or any other recommended insecticide as the last option if you notice the presence of Beg bugs in your home.

Don’ts (Bed Bugs DIY Home Remedy)
-Avoid bringing second-hand bedding, furniture, and clothing materials into your home. We rely on second-hand clothing a lot in Nigeria. For this reason, make sure to wash these clothes very well before bringing them into your home. you may soak them in hot water for about 30 minutes.
-Avoid sleeping overnight in a hotel, hostel, care homes, or guest house with suspected bed bug infestation signs such as the presence of blood stains or bed bug poo on bed linen.
-Don’t spread bed bugs to others. Slash any disposed mattress so others don’t take it for use.

Seeking Professional Service
If you have tried all the above suggestions on how to get rid of bedbugs from your home but you still notice their presence, then it’s time to seek the services of pest control professionals who are equipped and experienced in responding to even the most difficult bed bug infestations.

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Nigeria Cannot Continue to be Dumping Ground, Says Anyakora As FG, World Bank Train Pharma Manufacturers

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Nigeria Cannot Continue to be Dumping Ground, Says Anyakora As FG, World Bank Train Pharma Manufacturers

Nigeria Cannot Continue to be Dumping Ground, Says Anyakora As FG, World Bank Train Pharma Manufacturers

By Johnson Fadipe

 

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Nigeria will soon become the hub of pharmaceutical manufacturing in Africa and beyond, if the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector in the country lives up to its full potentials. CEO, Bloom Public Health, Professor Chimezie Anyakora, made this declaration on Tuesday in Lagos at the commencement of the second phase of the capacity-building workshop for local pharma manufacturers organized by the Federal Government and the World Bank.
Anyakora added that the reason for the program is to support drug manufacturers in Nigeria to produce quality medicines so that the nation’s pharmaceutical industry will stand strong.

 

 

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“We can’t continue to be a dumping ground as a country and this is the reason this massive effort is being put together and I am happy that the federal government is supporting it. It is a journey to make Nigeria a big leader in drug manufacturing.
“The intention is to make Nigeria the India of Africa in drug manufacturing. This is why we are training the manufacturers so that they will be well-grounded to produce drugs that can compete globally”, he said.
Speaking further, Anyakora observed that that excellence in pharmaceutical manufacturing can be attained in Nigeria if the relevant industry players can scale up their games with passion and the right energy. He added that the Nigeria pharma industry is ‘falling our hands’ because all stakeholders have not done enough to compete at the global level, despite their capabilities.

 

 

Nigeria Cannot Continue to be Dumping Ground, Says Anyakora
As FG, World Bank Train Pharma Manufacturers

 

 

 

 

On his part, the Honourbale Commissioner for Health, Lagos State, Professor Akin Abayomi, stated that the essence of the event is to equip the pharmaceutical manufacturers in Nigeria with what it takes not only to produce drugs that will meet local needs but also export and compete globally.

 

 

 

 

 

“The essence of this program is to see how we can increase the production of drugs that will meet local consumption and also produce drugs that meet the World Health Organisation’s GMP. It is also important for us to ensure that products that are produced in Nigeria have bioequivalence because it is not good to have a product that carries 500mg and what the patient gets after using the product is just 30%. We are ready to patronise local drug manufacturers as long as their products are standard”, he said.

 

 

 

 

 

Meanwhile, the Federal Government, through the Director, Chemical and Non-Petrochemical Industrial Development Department, Federal Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment, Onuorah Francis expressed its commitment towards working with relevant stakeholders in Nigeria to build a vibrant and formidable pharmaceutical industry that will not only meet local consumption but also play at the global level.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Onuorah further said that the Federal Government is ready to develop and make the industries in Nigeria work, adding that the ministry has met with stakeholders in the pharma industry and is ready to work with them to produce Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API).
Also speaking at the event, the Director, Foods and Drug, Federal Ministry of Health, Pharm. (Mrs) Bunmi Aribeana stated that Nigeria has about 169 pharma manufacturers, producing different ranges of drugs in different areas, but bio equivalent remains a critical factor that needs to be addressed. She urged all stakeholders to join hands together to build a vibrant and strong pharmaceutical industry that will compete globally.
In his remarks, the Director General and Chief Executive Officer of the Nigeria Natural Medicine Development Agency (NNMDA), Professor Martins Emeje also charged stakeholders in Nigeria to work hard to build the pharmaceutical in Nigeria.

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