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Tax Reforms, NELFUND and State Allocations: Are Nigerian States Ready to Deliver?

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Tax Reforms, NELFUND and State Allocations: Are Nigerian States Ready to Deliver?

By George Omagbemi Sylvester | Published by SaharaWeeklyNG.com

When President Bola Ahmed Tinubu signed the landmark tax reform bills into law on June 26, 2025, it signaled a critical turning point in Nigeria’s fiscal history. It was a bold attempt to restructure the nation’s underperforming tax system, expand the national revenue base and empower sub-national entities through an equitable redistribution of funds. The reforms didn’t just aim to increase federal control or raise revenue, they marked the beginning of a new power shift toward the states.

Under the new law, the tax-to-GDP ratio is expected to rise from its current abysmal 10.8% (one of the lowest in Africa) towards a more sustainable and development-oriented figure. The reforms created the Nigeria Revenue Service (NRS), replacing the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), streamlined the tax administration framework, introduced a development levy and revised the Value Added Tax (VAT) allocation formula from 15% to the federal government to just 10%, while raising the states’ share from 50% to 55%.

This is not just fiscal reform; it is pure federalism, reborn.

The critical question remains: What are Nigerian states doing with this golden opportunity? Are they equipped, ready and willing to translate this fiscal latitude into tangible social and economic benefits for their people? Or will they squander it as they have done with past bailouts and interventions?

The NELFUND Promise: Bridging Education and Economic Inequality
The Nigerian Education Loan Fund (NELFUND), launched in 2024, is a flagship initiative under the “reform” umbrella. Designed to provide interest-free loans to indigent students across federal tertiary institutions, it aims to bridge the financial gap for millions of Nigerians seeking education. The new development levy introduced in the tax reform bills (ranging from 2% to 4% on eligible taxpayers) will partially fund NELFUND and other agencies like TETFund, NITDA and NASENI.

The sustainability and reach of NELFUND depend not just on the federal government’s policy on the commitment of state governments to complement and support the vision.

Some states are stepping up. Others are asleep.

States Rising to the Challenge

Lagos State stands miles ahead of the pack. The Lagos Internal Revenue Service (LIRS) is leveraging fintech solutions to widen the tax net, improve compliance and plug revenue leakages. Governor Babajide Sanwo-Olu has already launched a multi-billion-naira skills development initiative, partially funded through the additional VAT allocation, with special focus on vocational training, public schools and digital education. Lagos is also establishing NELFUND liaison offices in tertiary institutions to simplify access for students.

Oyo State, under Governor Seyi Makinde, has taken a bold stance. A new law mandates the transparent publication of VAT inflow and expenditure every quarter. The state has committed 25% of its new allocation to the education sector, directly aligning with the NELFUND goal of human capital development. Additionally, Oyo has established an inter-ministerial committee to facilitate the disbursement and monitoring of student loans.

Kano State initially resisted the reforms, citing the unfair advantage of consumption-heavy southern states. However, it has since launched aggressive taxpayer education campaigns, e-registration for personal income tax and SME support centers to boost revenue. According to Dr. Auwalu Isa, a fiscal policy expert at Bayero University, “Kano’s shift reflects the realization that development is no longer about federal handouts but internal innovation.”

Rivers State and Delta State, flush with revenue from oil and trade, are now investing in logistics and infrastructure projects funded by VAT allocations. Rivers recently announced the construction of a new industrial park in Eleme, using part of its windfall. Delta has committed a percentage of its new income to health and education sector revitalization.

Southeast Innovation

Enugu State, under Governor Peter Mbah, is pioneering digital tax remittance platforms in partnership with private sector actors. The goal is simple: Eliminate Cash Handling, improve collection efficiency and ensure every kobo is accounted for. The Enugu government has also introduced tax incentives for small businesses, as a way to foster voluntary compliance.

In Anambra State, Governor Charles Soludo is championing tax modernization, introducing blockchain-based auditing tools. He recently remarked: “Tax reforms without state participation is like building a skyscraper on sand.”

Imo and Abia states have also rolled out tax identification systems linked to national databases, enabling better targeting of welfare and education funding.

The Northern Adjustment

The North, particularly states like Gombe, Bauchi and Zamfara, have been the most apprehensive. Lower consumption patterns mean lower VAT returns under the new formula. Yet, Gombe State has partnered with the World Bank to develop digital tax infrastructure and improve Internally Generated Revenue (IGR). Bauchi is introducing community-based revenue generation tied to agricultural markets.

Governor Inuwa Yahaya of Gombe, who also chairs the Northern Governors Forum, recently stated:

“It is now clear to us that we must stand on our own two feet. The era of dependency must end.”

Scholars and Experts Weigh In

“Reforming Nigeria’s tax structure is not just an economic necessity; it is a political revolution. States must now wake up to their responsibilities.”
~ Prof. Uche Uwaleke, President, Association of Capital Market Academics of Nigeria (ACMAN)

“Tax is the price we pay for civilization. States cannot demand development without contributing to its costs.”
~ Dr. Sarah Ekeh, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Faculty of Social Sciences

“This is the best fiscal opportunity Nigeria has had in decades. If states waste it, the blame lies not in Abuja, but in their own complacency.”
~ Waziri Adio, Executive Director, Agora Policy

Are States Prepared?
Despite early signs of progress, many states remain reactive rather than proactive. They lack capacity, innovation and political will. Several governors have yet to present comprehensive plans for utilizing their increased allocations. Others are diverting the funds toward unsustainable political spending and inflated contracts.

The Federal Ministry of Finance has warned that misuse of the new tax inflows will attract federal audits and possible funding restrictions. Already, civil society groups like BudgIT and SERAP are demanding real-time transparency in fund allocation and student loan disbursement.

Challenges That Linger
Low Tax Literacy: Millions of Nigerians still view tax as a punishment rather than a civic duty.

Weak Revenue Collection: Manual systems remain in place in many rural states, with little investment in technology.

Political Interference: Many revenue boards are still run as party patronage slots not as professional institutions.

Regional Disparities: Northern states still trail behind in consumption and digital literacy, putting them at a disadvantage under the new VAT structure.

Key Takeaway: From Abuja to the Grassroots
Tax reforms, NELFUND and increased state allocations represent a rare convergence of opportunity and necessity. This is not Abuja’s fight alone. The success or failure of these initiatives depends on how well the 36 state governments rise to the occasion.

The time for excuses is over. The federal government has thrown the lifeline. What states do with it will determine whether Nigeria leaps forward or collapses under the weight of yet another failed reform.

History will not forgive those who sleep through a revolution.

Tax Reforms, NELFUND and State Allocations: Are Nigerian States Ready to Deliver?
By George Omagbemi Sylvester | Published by SaharaWeeklyNG.com
By George Omagbemi Sylvester
Published by SaharaWeeklyNG.com

Business

Tension Rises as LASIEC Delays Release of Candidate List Ahead of LG Polls

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Tension Rises as LASIEC Delays Release of Candidate List Ahead of LG Polls

Tension Rises as LASIEC Delays Release of Candidate List Ahead of LG Polls

With just days to the Lagos State local government elections scheduled for Saturday, July 12, 2025, tension is building as the Lagos State Independent Electoral Commission (LASIEC) has yet to release the official list of candidates. The delay has stirred widespread unease among candidates, political parties, and observers, raising questions about the transparency and credibility of the entire process.

Under the Nigerian Electoral Act and LASIEC’s own guidelines, candidate lists must be published well ahead of polling day to allow the public adequate time to assess their choices. The commission’s continued silence, however, is heightening suspicion and eroding trust across party lines.

Tension Rises as LASIEC Delays Release of Candidate List Ahead of LG Polls

When our correspondent visited LASIEC headquarters in Yaba earlier today, the premises bore a tense atmosphere, reinforced by a heavy police presence and barricades, giving the area a near-siege-like appearance.

A member of the All Progressives Congress (APC) in Epe, who requested anonymity, expressed frustration over the delay. “It’s worrisome and alarming that with just three days left, LASIEC has not published the list of contesting candidates. We are demanding answers. Their silence is simply unacceptable.”

There is growing speculation that LASIEC may be playing partisan politics by stalling the announcement of opposition candidates. However, even within the ruling APC, there is a lack of clarity. In Mushin, Shomolu, Onigbongbo, Agege, Alimosho Local Government and Local Council Development Areas, members remain uncertain about who their candidate is. While some suspect attempts to impose some candidates, nothing has been confirmed by the commission.

“If anyone says LASIEC is only screening APC candidates, that’s not accurate,” some APC members in Epe, Shomolu, Onigbongbo, Mushin, Ikosi-Isheri stated. “Even we don’t know who is running. There are rumors of internal interference, but without the official list, we’re left completely in the dark.”

The confusion appears to extend beyond the APC. A People’s Democratic Party (PDP) member in Apapa LGA, also speaking under condition of anonymity, alleged that internal disputes and external influences have complicated the selection process.

“There’s been a power struggle within the party over which candidates to field,” he said. “We heard the list was taken to an APC chieftain in Abuja for ratification. When it came back to Lagos, several names had been altered. This disruption has delayed LASIEC’s ability to finalize and release the list. The situation is chaotic, and many of our members feel betrayed.”

According to him, the changes were made without the consent of key party leaders, and many candidates—including some closely aligned with influential figures—were affected. “We are prepared for whatever happens. Saturday will reveal everything,” he concluded.

Some political analysts suggest LASIEC’s delay may be a strategic move to limit the window for legal action that could challenge the candidates or the process itself.

As election day draws near, the pressure is mounting on LASIEC to come clean and restore public confidence in the electoral system. For now, uncertainty reigns—and the credibility of the July 12 polls hangs in the balance.

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UNION BANK RESPONDS TO HIGH COURT RULING ON NICON INVESTMENTS LIMITED, GLOBAL FLEET AND JIMOH IBRAHIM CASE

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UNION BANK RESPONDS TO HIGH COURT RULING ON NICON INVESTMENTS
LIMITED, GLOBAL FLEET AND JIMOH IBRAHIM CASE

Union Bank of Nigeria acknowledges the recent judgment of Justice Abike Fadipe of the Ikeja High Court in the matter involving Senator Jimoh Ibrahim, NICON Investment Limited, Global Fleet, and the Bank.

We wish to assure our customers, partners, and the public that Union Bank operates with the highest levels of professionalism, ethical conduct, and legal compliance in all our dealings.

While we respect the authority of the court, we strongly disagree with the judgment delivered and have instructed our lawyers to file an appeal against it immediately.

The court’s findings, including its position on the consolidation of indebtedness, locus standi, and third-party liability, are at variance with established legal principles and the Bank’s
understanding of the facts. We are confident in our legal position and intend to vigorously pursue all lawful avenues to ensure that justice is served.

Union Bank had previously transferred the relevant debt obligations to the Asset Management Corporation of Nigeria (AMCON), and we maintain that all actions taken in this regard were in line with applicable laws and banking practice.

We reiterate our unwavering commitment to acting in good faith, protecting stakeholder
interests, and preserving the integrity that has defined our institution for over a century. The Bank remains resilient and focused on continuing to deliver excellent service and value to its customers.

We appreciate the continued trust and support of all stakeholders as we navigate this legal process.

 

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Energy watchdog hails NUPRC’s N12.25tn revenue performance, credits Komolafe’s reforms

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*Energy watchdog hails NUPRC’s N12.25tn revenue performance, credits Komolafe’s reforms

 

The Energy Governance Alliance (EGA) has commended the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC) for generating a record N12.25 trillion in revenue in 2024, describing it as a testament to the commission’s regulatory reforms and strategic leadership under Chief Executive, Gbenga Komolafe.

In a statement issued on Tuesday and signed by its Executive Director, Dr Kelvin Sotonye William, the alliance said the revenue achievement marked a watershed moment in Nigeria’s oil and gas sector, affirming NUPRC’s central role in repositioning the upstream industry for value creation, fiscal accountability and national development.

The figure, disclosed in the commission’s newly released 2024 Annual Report, represents a 182.25 percent increase from the N4.34 trillion generated in 2023. It also significantly surpassed the 2024 forecast revenue of N6.93 trillion by over N5 trillion.

“The Energy Governance Alliance welcomes the stellar performance of the NUPRC, under the visionary stewardship of Mr Gbenga Komolafe, for generating over N12 trillion in 2024 — the highest ever recorded in a single year in Nigeria’s upstream sector,” the statement reads.

“This performance is not accidental. It reflects sustained policy clarity, increased compliance, and a bold enforcement posture on critical issues such as royalty payments, gas flare penalties and lease renewals. These are the very foundations of energy justice, and we applaud the Commission for restoring regulatory credibility in a sector long plagued by opacity and inefficiency.”

EGA said the unprecedented revenue inflow has “revalidated the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA) 2021 as a working framework for revenue optimisation, investor discipline and upstream transparency”, adding that the Komolafe-led NUPRC had broken new ground in actualising the fiscal and institutional aspirations of the landmark law.

According to the commission’s breakdown, oil and gas royalties alone accounted for N11.08 trillion in 2024 — nearly twice the projected figure — while gas flared penalties brought in N391.26 billion, and concession rentals fetched N23.71 billion. Other key revenue lines included N369.57 billion from signature bonuses, N230.73 billion from lease renewals, N35.19 billion in miscellaneous income, and N117.02 billion from goods and valuable consideration.

Reacting to the figures, Dr William said the scale and spread of the revenue performance demonstrated a “whole-of-sector approach” that has closed long-standing loopholes and challenged entrenched rent-seeking behaviour.

“For the first time in recent memory, we are seeing a regulator extract value from multiple pressure points across the upstream system — from flare penalties to lease administration. This is what it means to govern oil in the public interest,” he said.

EGA urged other agencies in the oil and gas ecosystem to emulate NUPRC’s results-oriented culture, noting that the commission’s transparency in publishing unreconciled production volumes, average daily outputs, and compliance with the technical allowable rate (TAR) regime was “a welcome deviation from the era of secrecy”.

The report had revealed that total crude production in 2024 stood at 578.5 million barrels — comprising 482.8 million barrels of oil and 95.7 million barrels of condensate — with a daily average output of 1.58 million barrels per day. Joint ventures contributed 48 percent of the production, followed by production sharing contracts at 35 percent, sole risk operations at 13 percent, and marginal fields at 4 percent.

The alliance also welcomed NUPRC’s disclosures on the TAR, which stood at 67 percent in 2024, and urged further collaboration with industry players to raise efficiency levels.

“This is not just about revenue. It’s also about regulatory honesty. By publishing unreconciled volumes and clarifying that they are not to be mistaken for export figures, NUPRC has sent a strong message that it is no longer business as usual. This level of transparency is key to improving investor confidence and public trust,” William said.

EGA said it was particularly impressed with the commission’s performance in gas flare penalties and lease renewals, which surpassed their 2024 projections by over 200 percent, indicating renewed rigour in enforcement.

It noted that N391 billion was realised from gas flaring penalties, compared to a projected N126 billion, while lease renewals brought in N230.73 billion, almost three times the forecasted N80.63 billion.

“Gas flaring is an ecological crime and an economic waste. The fact that penalties have become a major revenue item shows the Commission’s zero-tolerance stance. We expect this to further push operators towards cleaner and more responsible energy production,” the alliance added.

The alliance urged the Federal Government to channel a significant portion of the NUPRC’s revenue surplus into supporting host communities, funding clean energy transitions and closing infrastructure gaps in the Niger Delta.

“Komolafe’s performance shows that Nigeria’s oil sector can deliver both revenue and reform — if we prioritise competence, clarity and courage. The Energy Governance Alliance urges President Bola Ahmed Tinubu to continue backing such reforms and ensure that the NUPRC remains insulated from political interference,” the statement concluded.

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