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FROM BORDER TO MARKETS: HOW NIGERIA’S REFORMS ARE REWRITING AND MODERNISING TRADE FACILITATION By O’tega Ogra
FROM BORDER TO MARKETS: HOW NIGERIA’S REFORMS ARE REWRITING AND MODERNISING TRADE FACILITATION
By O’tega Ogra
On the surface, the 2026 World Customs Organization (WCO) Technology Conference in Abu Dhabi, held in the last week of January, followed a familiar script: flags, formal sessions, carefully worded speeches. But beneath the choreography, something more consequential was unfolding. As customs chiefs and trade officials compared notes on the future of borders, Nigeria arrived not with theory, but with a working proposition.
The Nigeria Customs Service (NCS) Modernisation Project, being implemented through Trade Modernisation Project (TMP) Limited, unveiled to a global audience of customs administrators and policy leaders a window into how Africa’s largest economy is confronting one of the most complex challenges in public administration: reforming the machinery of trade while it is still running.
For decades, customs reform was treated largely as a technical exercise—frequent patches here, shoddy fixes there; new software in one corner, revised procedures in another. Nigeria’s presence in Abu Dhabi signalled something different. TMP Limited, working in partnership with the NCS, advanced the argument that trade is a cornerstone of economic development and must be supported by organic, sustainable partner ecosystems. Such ecosystems deliver speed and trust, revenue and credibility, and secure borders without stifling commerce.
That argument resonated in a room increasingly aware that global trade is no longer defined solely by tariffs and treaties, but by data, interoperability, and the quiet efficiency of systems that simply work.
The annual WCO Technology Conference has, in recent years, become a barometer for the direction of global trade governance. This year’s discussions reflected a shared anxiety: supply chains are more fragile, compliance risks are rising, and governments face mounting pressure to collect revenue without discouraging investment. Customs administrations now sit at the intersection of all three.
Nigeria’s response has been to attempt a full reset.
At the heart of this effort is the NCS Modernisation Project, implemented through a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) arrangement with TMP Limited as the concessionaire. The project seeks to replace fragmented technology deployments and manual processes within the Nigeria Customs Service with a single, integrated framework. This is anchored on B’Odogwu, a Unified Customs Management System (UCMS) that brings together cargo clearance, risk management, payments, and inter-agency collaboration. The ambition is sweeping—and so are the stakes.
Alhaji Saleh Ahmadu, OON, Chairman of TMP, framed the initiative as nothing less than an institutional reconstruction, designed to position the NCS at the forefront of global customs administration technology, aligned with international standards and assurance frameworks.
“Digital trade modernisation is not just about upgrading systems,” he told participants in Abu Dhabi. “It is about upgrading trust, predictability, and confidence in how trade flows through our borders.”
That choice of words matters. Nigeria’s economy has long struggled with the perception gap between its size and the ease of doing business. Investors cite delays. Traders complain of opacity. Government points to revenue leakages. In this context, customs reform becomes as much a credibility project as a technical one.
Saleh’s message was timely and direct: modern trade demands modern customs. Data-driven processes, automation, and risk-based controls are no longer luxuries; they are prerequisites for competitiveness in a world where capital moves faster than policy.
The institutional face of this digital transformation is the Comptroller-General of Customs, Bashir Adewale Adeniyi, who led Nigeria’s delegation to Abu Dhabi. His message reflected a subtle but important shift in how customs leadership now understands its role.
“Customs administrations today must evolve from gatekeepers to facilitators of legitimate trade,” Adeniyi said. “Nigeria’s customs modernisation project reflects our determination to place the Nigeria Customs Service at the centre of national economic transformation.”
It is a familiar refrain globally, but one that carries particular weight in Nigeria, where customs revenue remains a critical pillar of public finance. Automation, Adeniyi argued, is not about weakening control; it is about strengthening it through intelligence rather than discretion.
Risk management systems reduce unnecessary physical inspections. Integrated platforms limit human contact. Data analytics improve compliance targeting. When executed well, the result is faster clearance for compliant traders and tighter scrutiny for high-risk consignments.
In Abu Dhabi, peers from Asia, Europe, and Latin America listened closely to Nigeria’s presentation. Reforming customs in a small, open economy is one thing. Doing so in a market of over 200 million people, home to some of Africa’s busiest ports and its largest economy, is quite another.
Nigeria’s engagement emphasised that customs modernisation is embedded within a broader economic reform agenda under President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, GCFR. Simplifying trade procedures, strengthening revenue assurance, and aligning with international standards form part of a wider effort to reposition the economy for investment-led growth.
What makes the project particularly noteworthy is its insistence on end-to-end coherence. Rather than digitising isolated functions, the reform aims to connect agencies, harmonise data, and reduce duplication across government—an all-of-government approach that acknowledges an uncomfortable truth: trade friction is often created not at the border, but between institutions.
The WCO 2026 Technology Conference offered Nigeria more than a platform; it provided a stress test. Questions from peers were pointed. How will change be sustained across political cycles? How will capacity be built? How will entrenched institutional behaviours be unlearned?
The responses were pragmatic. Reform is being phased. Training programmes are ongoing. International benchmarks are being adopted not as slogans, but as operating standards. There were no claims of perfection—only a clear statement of intent.
“Our engagement here underscores Nigeria’s commitment to international cooperation,” Adeniyi noted. “We are learning, sharing, and contributing to global conversations on the future of customs administration.”
That contribution matters. As Africa moves to deepen regional trade under continental frameworks, customs efficiency will determine whether integration succeeds in practice or remains aspirational on paper. Nigeria’s experience, if successful, could offer a valuable template for other developing economies navigating similar constraints.
In Abu Dhabi, the mood was cautious but curious. Reform fatigue is real in many countries. Yet there was a growing sense that Nigeria’s effort—precisely because of its scale and difficulty—deserves attention.
Borders are rarely glamorous. But they are decisive. In choosing to modernise its borders in public, under global scrutiny, Nigeria is signalling something beyond technical competence. It is signalling seriousness.
And in global trade, seriousness still counts.
O’tega Ogra is Senior Special Assistant to President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, GCFR, responsible for the Office of Digital Engagement, Communications and Strategy in the Presidency.
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Makinde Lashes Out at Wike: “A Vagabond Unfit for PDP” — Reckoning Within Nigeria’s Oldest Opposition Party
Makinde Lashes Out at Wike: “A Vagabond Unfit for PDP” — Reckoning Within Nigeria’s Oldest Opposition Party
By George Omagbemi Sylvester | SaharaWeeklyNG.com
“Governor Seyi Makinde’s explosive rebuke of Nyesom Wike exposes deep fractures within the PDP and signals a defining moment for the future of Nigeria’s opposition politics.”
In the sun-baked political theatre of Ibadan, Oyo State, a seismic rupture has opened within the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), Nigeria’s once-dominant opposition force. Oyo State Governor Seyi Makinde delivered a blistering public indictment of Federal Capital Territory Minister Nyesom Wike; one that goes far beyond intra-party friction, piercing into the soul of Nigerian party politics itself. Makinde unapologetically branded Wike a “vagabond,” openly regretted his past alignment with him during the tumultuous 2023 general elections, and rejected any lingering influence that Wike and his faction might attempt to wield within the PDP’s structure.
Addressing a gathering at the commissioning of the PDP Secretariat in Oke-Ado, Makinde’s remarks cut across polite political disagreement and veered into stark moral condemnation. He spoke not as a factional leader but as a self-declared reformer seeking to reclaim the party from forces he believes have undermined its principles and prospects.
This confrontation is not trivial. It reflects a broader and enduring crisis within the PDP, a party still grappling with the aftershocks of losing federal power over a decade ago and struggling to define its identity ahead of future elections.
The Anatomy of a Rift.
Makinde’s core accusation was two-fold. First, he asserted that elements within the PDP (whom he repeatedly labeled vagabonds) used internal party mechanisms not to strengthen the PDP but to serve interests outside the party’s mandate. Second, Makinde publicly distanced himself from those figures, including Wike, whose conduct he says betrayed the party during the 2023 elections.
Makinde’s account is unambiguous: “When I came into government in 2019, and even up to 2023, I found myself aligned with some of these forces. But I have reflected, repented and resolved never to allow that again.”
His choice of words carries biblical weight (repentance) suggesting not mere political disagreement, but moral recalibration.
For context, many analysts point to the 2015 loss of federal power by the PDP as the genesis of deep internal fractures. That defeat created a leadership vacuum, which subsequent factions sought to fill, sometimes through means that rankled party loyalists. Makinde invoked a traditional Yoruba proverb to illustrate his point: where there is peace in a household, it is not because all is well, but because the disorderly elements have not yet grown up. He applied this proverb directly to PDP’s internal disruption, asserting that those elements had, at one time, “practised their vagabondry” within the party until formally expelled in late 2025.
This “expulsion” refers to actions taken during the PDP’s controversial national convention in Ibadan in late 2025, where several leading figures (including Wike) were voted out of key leadership roles amid factional legal battles. That convention itself was mired in legal challenges and internal strife, reflecting a party deeply fragmented.
Makinde’s words were deliberately provocative. To brand a senior party member and cabinet minister as a vagabond in political parlance is to label him unreliable, unprincipled, and opportunistic, traits that go to the heart of public trust.
Wike: A Political Trajectory Under Scrutiny.
Nyesom Wike is no ordinary foot soldier in Nigerian politics. A seasoned operative and former governor of Rivers State, Wike has cultivated a reputation for bold, sometimes abrasive, political maneuvers. His intervention in party affairs, especially beyond his home state, has drawn admiration from some quarters and ire from others. Yet what Makinde’s critique suggests is that Wike’s conduct has become a flashpoint for deeper questions about loyalty, ideology and the purpose of party politics itself.
Wike’s defenders argue that he has consistently asserted that his actions, including positions taken during the 2023 elections, were guided by principles of fairness and justice which though not without controversy. Earlier reports show that in 2024 he claimed he had “no apologies” for his role in opposing the PDP’s presidential bid, insisting he acted not out of disloyalty but conviction.
To them, Wike represents a school of Nigerian politics that privileges tactical calculations over consensus building, a style that resonates in Nigeria’s often fractious political environment but also deepens fault lines within parties like the PDP.
Expert Analysis: What This Means for Nigerian Politics.
To understand the implications of this confrontation, we must consider scholarly perspectives on party fragmentation and political behavior in Nigeria.
Political analyst Dr. Habeeb Lawal, Lecturer in African Political Studies at the University of Lagos, argues that “the PDP’s identity crisis stems from a broader crisis of political institutionalisation in Nigeria. When politicians prioritise personal ambition over party principles, it weakens not only party cohesion but democratic governance itself.”
Lawal’s analysis underscores a pattern endemic to Nigerian politics: parties often serve as platforms for personal advancement rather than vehicles for ideological consistency or policy advocacy. In that sense, Makinde’s denunciation of Wike is not merely personal, but symptomatic of a larger systemic tension.
Similarly, Professor Modupe Akinola, an expert in political ethics at Ibadan University, suggests that public leaders must be held to standards that transcend mere tactical disagreements. “A party cannot rebuild itself on the foundation of individual power struggles,” she said. “If you cannot articulate a vision for the common good beyond your own political survival, you risk hollowing out the very institution you claim to defend.”
Her insight points to a central dilemma: the PDP’s relevance depends on its ability to project unity without quashing legitimate disagreement, and to tolerate diversity of thought without descending into factional warfare.
Beyond the Words: What Comes Next?
Makinde’s remarks did more than shock; they reframed the conversation around party culture and accountability. He reaffirmed confidence in the Nigerian judiciary as a neutral arbiter, a notable stance considering the party’s history of litigating internal disputes. “Truth will always prevail,” Makinde said, asserting that legal remedies remain central to resolving the PDP’s internal conflicts.
Yet the deeper impact of his declarations will be measured in the weeks and months to come. Will the PDP rally behind a renewed emphasis on discipline and unity? Or will this rupture deepen, inviting further splintering and loss of coherence?
International observers, particularly those who monitor democratic transitions in multi-ethnic societies, will watch closely. Political cohesion in major parties is often a bellwether for democratic resilience. Nigeria’s fragile democracy, still navigating its third decade of uninterrupted civilian rule, cannot afford weakened opposition at a time when accountability and political alternatives are essential.
Parting Thoughts: A Reckoning That Cannot Be Ignored.
What Governor Makinde articulated in Ibadan is more than intra-party quarrel; it is a clarion call for introspection within Nigerian opposition politics. By calling out what he describes as vagabondry, he has invited the PDP (and the broader political class) to confront uncomfortable truths about ambition, loyalty, principle and reform.
Whether this confrontation leads to renewal or further fracture remains to be seen. But one thing is clear: Nigeria’s political story in this era will not be written by those who refuse to address the deep contradictions within their own ranks.
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End of an Era: The Assassination of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi and What It Means for Libya’s Fragile Future
End of an Era: The Assassination of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi and What It Means for Libya’s Fragile Future
By George Omagbemi Sylvester | Published by SaharaWeeklyNG
“A Detailed, Context-Rich Analysis of the Death of Libya’s Most Controversial Scion and Its Reverberations Across a Nation Still Wrestling with Turmoil.”
In a dramatic and violent turn that once again underscores the instability that has plagued Libya since the fall of Muammar Gaddafi, Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, son of the late Libyan leader and a figure synonymous with both reformist aspirations and brutal repression, was assassinated in Zintan, western Libya. His death, confirmed by multiple Libyan sources including his lawyer, Khaled el-Zaydi, marks a profound moment in the North African country’s turbulent post-uprising history.
According to local media reports and police investigations under way, four unidentified gunmen breached Gaddafi’s residence, disabling surveillance cameras before executing the 53-year-old political figure. The attackers fled the scene, leaving behind questions about motive, perpetrator identity, and the broader implications for Libya’s fragile political landscape.
To fully understand the gravity of this event, one must trace Saif al-Islam Gaddafi’s life, not merely as the son of a dictator, but as a complex figure whose trajectory mirrored Libya’s own fractious journey from autocracy to perpetual conflict.
From Heir Apparent to Controversial Power Broker.
Born into the sprawling and secretive family of Muammar Gaddafi, Saif al-Islam was long viewed as the regime’s intellectual face. Educated at the London School of Economics, he spoke fluent English and presented himself abroad as a reformer committed to modernizing Libya’s image and engaging more constructively with the international community. In the early 2000s, he played significant roles in negotiations that led Libya to relinquish its weapons of mass destruction program and in talks intended to compensate victims’ families from the Lockerbie bombing; moves that briefly recast Libya as a state emerging from isolation.
However, the veneer of reformism masked a deeper allegiance to his father’s regime and its system of repression. When the Arab Spring reached Libya in 2011, Saif al-Islam chose family loyalty over reform, becoming one of the architects of the regime’s harsh crackdown on dissent. His rhetoric toward protesters was ruthless and on several occasions he warned of “rivers of blood” if the uprising continued, words that sank his earlier moderate image and aligned him with the paternalistic and brutal tactics of Muammar Gaddafi’s regime.
Fall, Capture and Political Resurrection.
When the uprising culminated in the capture and killing of Muammar Gaddafi in 2011, Saif al-Islam attempted to flee but was apprehended by militia fighters near the desert, then held in custody for years by anti-Gaddafi forces in Zintan. Liberia’s courts later sentenced him to death in absentia for crimes linked to the violent suppression of protests, and the International Criminal Court issued a warrant for his arrest on charges including crimes against humanity. Yet he remained in Zintan under militia protection until a controversial amnesty saw his release in 2017.
In a move that shocked many observers, Saif al-Islam emerged from relative obscurity to announce his candidacy for the Libyan presidency in 2021. His bid came amid collective frustrations over Libya’s protracted transitional politics and years of failed elections. For some Libyans entrenched in conflict fatigue, his name carried residual clout and memories of the old regime’s stability compared with the current chaos. For others, his candidacy symbolized the persistence of the very forces many had fought to overthrow. Ultimately, disagreements over electoral law and his criminal convictions saw Libya’s planned polls collapse, leaving him unaffiliated with any real political power.
The Killing and Its Immediate Aftermath.
The assassination itself was not merely another act of violence in Libya’s mosaic of militia rule and political fragmentation; it was a calculated hit that obliterated the last major figure with direct ties to Libya’s erstwhile authoritarian era. Initial reports suggest that his residence was carefully targeted, security systems neutralized and the attackers escaped undetected—signs that the killing may have been orchestrated by well-organized actors with clear intent.
His political team’s statement condemned the attack as a “brutal act” and demanded justice, a call echoed by figures across Libya’s fractious political spectrum. Khaled al-Mishri, former head of Libya’s Tripoli-based High State Council, called for an “urgent and transparent investigation” into the assassination, spotlighting the state’s enduring inability to enforce the rule of law.
A Country Still at War With Itself.
Libya today is a nation still fractured by the enduring legacies of colonial influence, civil war and competing centers of power. Human Rights Watch and other observers have documented persistent abuses by armed groups and a pervasive climate of impunity that has allowed political violence to flourish. The assassination of Saif al-Islam, in this context, reflects the deeper crisis of governance that has crippled Libya since 2011.
The broader implications extend beyond the death of one man. His assassination risks deepening rivalries among militia factions, reigniting old grievances, and destabilizing tentative diplomatic efforts aimed at national reconciliation. For many Libyans, the event is a grim reminder that political solutions remain elusive in a country where power is more often seized by force than negotiated through consensus.
Voices From the Region: Scholars and Experts Weigh In.
Professor Ali Abdallah, a renowned North African political analyst, emphasizes the symbolic weight of Gaddafi’s death: “This assassination underscores the tragic circularity of Libya’s conflict. The debate over Libya’s future must transcend personalities and confront the structural fissures that have made peace and stability so elusive.”
Meanwhile, Dr. Fatima El-Sindy, an expert on post-conflict transitions, argues that “The elimination of a figure like Saif al-Islam (controversial though he was) reinforces the dangerous reality that political power in Libya continues to be contested through violence. Without a functioning central authority and inclusive political framework, Libya remains trapped in an endless cycle of retaliation.”
Looking Ahead: What Comes Next?
The assassination of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi closes a chapter in Libya’s modern history but does little to open a new, peaceful one. Instead, it challenges Libyans and international stakeholders to confront the systemic failures that have perpetuated violence and political stagnation. Whether his death becomes a catalyst for renewed peace efforts or a spark for further conflict will depend on the actions of Libyan actors and regional partners in the days and months ahead.
In a nation where the past continually bleeds into the present, the killing of Saif al-Islam is not an endpoint, but a stark reminder of how far Libya still must go to achieve the stability that so many have long fought for.
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GTCO Proudly Headlines the NPA Lagos International Polo Tournament as Main Sponsor— Championing Great Experiences and Heritage
GTCO Proudly Headlines the NPA Lagos International Polo Tournament as Main Sponsor— Championing Great Experiences and Heritage
Lagos, Nigeria — 03 February 2026
Guaranty Trust Holding Company Plc (GTCO Plc) (NGX: GTCO; LSE: GTCO), one of Africa’s leading financial services groups, is proud to announce its continued support as the main sponsor of the NPA Lagos International Polo Tournament, one of Africa’s oldest and most prestigious sporting events. The 2026 edition will be held at the Lagos Polo Club, Ikoyi, from Tuesday, January 27 to Sunday, February 15, bringing together top local and international polo teams and spectators from across the continent and beyond.
The 2026 NPA Lagos International Polo Tournament will feature top‑tier teams competing for major prizes, including the Majekodunmi Cup, Independence Cup, Open Cup, Silver Cup and Low Cup, among others. Guests can expect a fusion of thrilling equestrian action, polo-inspired lifestyle showcase, and curated hospitality experiences. The event will also be livestreamed, allowing audiences online to share in the excitement and spectacle.
Commenting on GTCO’s role as main sponsor of the Lagos International Polo Tournament, Segun Agbaje, Group Chief Executive Officer, said: “This tournament, one of the oldest in Africa, celebrates not only the noble sport of polo but the values we hold dear as a brand: teamwork, discipline, fair play, and a commitment to excellence. Beyond the field, it showcases Nigeria and Africa to a global audience, reinforcing the continent’s place on the world stage. Our longstanding sponsorship of the NPA Lagos International Polo Tournament reflects our conviction that sport can amplify opportunity, foster connections, and deliver world-class experiences for all.”
The NPA Lagos International Polo Tournament has long been celebrated not only for its thrilling competition and equestrian excellence but also for its rich heritage and cultural resonance within Africa’s sporting tradition. GTCO’s sponsorship embodies the Group’s commitment to creating platforms that unite communities and drive social impact across diverse audiences.
About GTCO Plc
Guaranty Trust Holding Company Plc is a leading financial services group with operations across Africa and the United Kingdom. Renowned for its strong corporate governance, innovative financial solutions, and customer-centric approach, GTCO Plc provides a wide range of banking and non-banking services, including payments, funds management, and pension fund administration. The Group is committed to delivering long-term value to stakeholders while driving growth and development across the markets it serves.
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